Table 1.

Vitellogenin (vtg) Expression Levels (vtg/18S rRNA) in Male Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) (mean ± SEM)

Treatment (Nominal EE2)		EE2*	aORD vtg	bR5 vtg	cR8 vtg	dUM vtg
Batch 1	48 h; 0 ng/L	0	7×10−9 ± 3 × 10−9	68.5 ± 49	2 × 10−6 ± 6 × 10−7	eN/D
	48 h; 1 ng/L	1.33	4×10−8 ±2 × 10−8	1.7 × 103 ± 1.3 × 103	6 × 10−6 ± 2 × 10−6	N/D
	48 h; 2 ng/L	2.23	6× 10−7 ± 3 × 10−7	6.6 × 104 ± 4.7 × 104**	5 × 10−3 ± 2 × 10−3	0.2 ± 0.01
Batch 2	14 d; 0 ng/L	0	N/D	1.5 × 104 ± 1.6 × 104	0.06 ± 0.03	N/D
	14 d; 2.5 ng/L	1.5	N/D	3 × 103 ± 8 × 102	0.01 ± 0.002	0.008 ± 5 × 10−4
	14 d; 5 ng/L	3.7	0.01 ± 7.7 × 10−3**	1 × 105 ± 4 × 104**	0.2 ± 0.07	0.16 ± 0.03**
	14 d; 10ng/L	7.9	0.06 ± 0.04	6 × 105 ± 1.2 × 105	0.7 ± 0.1**	1.14 ± 0.34
	14 d; 20ng/L	16.6	0.06 ± 0.05	1 × 106±1 × 105	1.8 ± 0.7	2.15 ± 0.48
Batch 3	5 d; Reference Site	fN/A	3 × 10−3 ± 3 × 10−3	30.6 ± 12.0	8 × 10−3 ± 4 × 10−4	10−3 ± 10−5
	5 d; WWTP Site	N/A	64.4 ± 27**	7×105 ± 1 × 105**	0.9 ± 0.2**	2.5 ± 0.9**

^*Measured levels of 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2) Concentrations (ng/L)

^aOffice of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH

^bUS Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5 Laboratory, Chicago, IL

^cUS Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8 Laboratory, Golden, CO

^dUniversity of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA

^eNot Detected

^fNot Available

^**Indicates significantly different (p < 0.05) from controls (0 ng/L) or from the Reference Site.