Fig 4. Influence on fecundity and larval survivorship after adult exposure to IGRs.

A) Total number of eggs laid per female 72 hours after adult contact exposure to IGRs immediately after blood feeding. Control treatment was netting treated with acetone only. Each data point represents the egg output of an individual mosquito. Red bars indicate the median number of eggs laid for each treatment. Asterisks represent statistical significance (P<0.05) when compared to the control (solvent only) treatment. B) Percent hatch of the eggs. Solid bars represent the mean % egg hatch in habitats that were contaminated by the adult mosquito during oviposition (horizontal transfer) whereas the checkered bars represent egg hatch of eggs laid in water contaminated with an IGR at the IE₅₀ concentration. Bars represent a mean % hatch (n = 25) and error bars represent SEM. Asterisks represent statistical significance (* P<0.05, **P<0.01) when compared to the control treatment for each group, horizontal transfer and IGR treated water. C) % survivorship of larvae hatched from a habitat that was oviposited in by adults treated with IGRs. Mortality was measured by counting number of alive 1^st-instar larvae compared to 2^nd-instar larvae. Bars represent average survivorship (n = 25) and error bars represent SEM. D) % emergence of ultimate instar larvae added into oviposition sites that had eggs laid. Bars represent means (n = 4, 10 mosquitoes per rep) and error bars represent SEM. For all panels, letters indicate statistical categorization of the means as determined by a one-way ANOVA with a multiple comparisons test (P < 0.05). Bars not labeled by the same letter as the control bar represents statistical significance when compared to the control value (P<0.05).