Fig 5. MTL theta PAC dynamics track space.

(A) PAC by condition during the postcue delay in a representative MTL electrode. The MTL showed variable, transient PAC across the spectrum of amplitudes (z > 1.96, p < 0.05). PAC was greater for spatial than identity information, with peak differences at 22.5- and 64-Hz amplitudes (p < 3 × 10⁻⁵). The black block indicates the amplitude data range depicted in panel B. ** = significant condition and condition × frequency effects. (B) The distribution of raw higher-frequency amplitudes across 18 theta phase bins, by condition, normalized by the maximum amplitude across all of the phase bins. AMP frequency range: broadband gamma (centered at 64 Hz). Underlying data can be found in University of California, Berkeley, Collaborative Research in Computational Neuroscience database (http://dx.doi.org/10.6080/K0VX0DQD). AMP, amplitude; DIFF, difference (i.e., spatial–identity, temporal–identity); FREQ, frequency; MTL, medial temporal lobe; NORM, normalized; PAC, phase-amplitude coupling; RAD, radians.