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. 2018 Mar 26;49(4):820–827. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.019653

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© 2018 The Authors.

Stroke is published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial, and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 2. — Association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with ischemic stroke and subtypes using different Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Odds ratio (OR) of ischemic stroke per 1-SD increase in each lipid trait. Conventional MR estimates were derived from 2-sample MR that forces the intercept of the slope line to zero and does not account for pleiotropy. Multivariable MR adjusts for other lipid traits and MR-Egger adjusts for unbalanced pleiotropy. *Multivariable MR analysis using summary estimates of 343 single nucleotide polymorphisms that adjust for lipid traits, body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio adjusted for BMI, fasting plasma glucose, and fasting plasma insulin. CI indicates confidence interval.