Summary of Recommendations for Practice and Research.

What we know:	Excessive supplemental oxygen exposure can lead to negative consequences for the neonate. Neonatal nurse practitioners in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) often are responsible for managing oxygen supplementation for newborns.
What needs to be studied:	Further investigation of specific approaches to avoid hyperoxia while achieving adequate oxygenation in neonates requiring oxygen therapy Further investigation of the specific impact of pulmonary vasodilators, such as inhaled nitric oxide on oxygen use and related efficacy and safety outcomes
What we can do today:	Implement strategies in the NICU to minimize oxygen exposure in neonates requiring oxygen therapy, thereby improving patient outcomes. Educate neonatal healthcare practitioners regarding the negative effects of hyperoxia. Stress the importance of early implementation of vasodilators to minimize hyperoxia.