Table 2.
White matter and gray matter variations with relative numbers of foci for each of the selected psychiatric spectra. The items shown in the table are the result of the entire selection process as shown in PRISMA (2009) flow chart on the Supporting Information
| SPECTRUM | Diagnostic Label |
Foci (N) |
White matter changes | Gray matter Changes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ⇑ | ⇓ | ⇑ | ⇓ | |||
| ASD (N = 1,719) | Mixed form | 312 | 27 | 66 | 125 | 94 |
| Primary autism | 186 | 7 | 57 | 93 | 29 | |
| Asperger | 54 | 11 | 14 | 2 | 27 | |
| High‐functionality autism | 53 | 5 | 20 | 16 | 12 | |
| Pervasive developmental disorder | 16 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 5 | |
| OCSD (N = 1,738) | Obsessive‐compulsive disorder | 364 | 25 | 77 | 67 | 195 |
| Tourette syndrome | 70 | 13 | 33 | 5 | 19 | |
| Trichotillomania | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| SCZD (N = 5,236) | Schizophrenia simplex | 190 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 182 |
| Paranoia | 20 | 0 | 17 | 1 | 2 | |
| Auditory hallucination | 34 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 27 | |
| First episode psychosis | 92 | 3 | 45 | 4 | 40 | |
| Mixed form | 633 | 18 | 160 | 22 | 433 | |
| First episode schizophrenia | 65 | 5 | 19 | 0 | 41 | |
| Acute psychosis with no hallucination | 21 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | |
| Early onset symptoms of psychosis | 52 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 44 | |
| Hallucination | 21 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 5 | |
| Paranoia with schizophrenia symptoms | 26 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 16 | |
| Foci (Total) | 121 | 581 | 340 | 1,171 | ||
| 702 | 1,511 | |||||