Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics between subjects with and without CKD (n = 560)
| CKD (n = 280) | Non-CKD (n = 280) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 54.03 (12.81) | 67.54 (6.45) | <0.001 |
| Age (y) | 64 (12.50) | 63 (13.75) | 0.154 |
| Sex (Male/Female) | 105/175 | 105/175 | – |
| Duration of diabetes (y) | 11.99 (6.4) | 11.87 (4.72) | 0.417 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.72 (9.9) | 28.47 (3.88) | 0.554 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 13 (3) | 13 (3) | 0.203 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80 (18) | 79 (20) | 0.581 |
| Use of anti-hypertensive drugs | 157 (56.5%) | 124 (44.9%) | 0.057 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 143 (23) | 136 (38) | 0.078 |
| 2 h-PG (mg/dl) | 227.16 ± 89.431 | 209.09 ± 91.73 | 0.896 |
| Use of glucose-lowering drugs | 201 (72.3%) | 207 (74.7%) | 0.510 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 184 (59) | 187.5 (41) | 0.702 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 47 (12) | 46 (20) | 0.914 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 102.8 (49) | 106.8 (43) | 0.426 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 154.5 (124) | 148 (127) | 0.347 |
| Use of lipid-lowering drugs | 125 (45%) | 112 (40.4%) | 0.459 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.2 (0) | 1 (0) | <0.001 |
| FRAP (μmol/L) | 920 (252.5) | 1045 (217.5) | <0.001 |
| Current or pervious smoking | 19 (6.8%) | 14 (5%) | 0.375 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 48 (17.1%) | 47 (16.8%) | 0.514 |
| Hypertension | 32 (11.4%) | 48 (17.1%) | 0.138 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 103 (36.8%) | 104 (37.1%) | 0.986 |
Results are expressed as median (IQR), n (%) or mean ± SD. Mann–Whitney U test, t-test or Chi square test P value. CKD = chronic kidney disease. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. GFR glomerular filtration rate, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein, FRAP Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma. The values given in italic in P-value column are significant