Table 2.

Tools for microvascular anastomosis performance assessment.

Author	Assessment Tool	Comments
Martin et al., 1997 [13]	Objective structured assessment of technical skills	Established validity for general surgery and microsurgery, this is one of the first and most reliable assessment tools
Grober et al., 2003 [14]	Imperial College surgical assessment device	Motion tracking device attached to the surgeon's hands for objective assessment of the motions during surgical training
Moulton et al., 2006 [15]	Modified objective structured assessment of technical skills	A video based modified version of the objective structured assessment of technical skills
Chan et al., 2010 [16]	Structured assessment of microsurgery skills	Validated tool for microanastomosis assessment validated in clinical setting
Temple and Ross, 2011 [17]	University of Western Ontario microsurgical skills acquisition/assessment instrument	Validated tool for microvascular performance assessment
Ghanem et al., 2013 [18]	Anastomotic patency assessment tool	This tool uses qualitative photogrammetry for the assessment of anastomosis quality with a special attention to the intimal surface
Alrasheed et al., 2014 [12]	Structured assessment of robotic microsurgical skills	Tool was developed to assess microsurgical skills using the Da-Vinci surgical robot while performing a 3-mm vessel diameter microanastomosis
Satterwhite et al., 2014 [19]	The Stanford microsurgery and resident training scale	This tool was validated on latex and chicken vessels
Aoun et al., 2015 [20]	Northwestern objective microanastomosis assessment tool	Face and construct validity has been established for this tool
Harada et al., 2015 [21]	Instrument motion tracking	Infrared motion tracking camera has been use for objective measurement of the instrument movements in experienced and novice surgeons during microanastomosis training
Ghanem et al., 2016 [22]	Anastomosis lapse index	A list of possible errors could be used for quantitative assessment
Belykh et al., 2017 [23]	Objective structured assessment of aneurysm clipping skills	Tool was validated on the human placenta aneurysm models