Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Patients
| Women (n=148) | Men (n=1064) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years | 63.4 (54.4,66.4) | 59.3 (53.5, 66.9) | 0.016 |
| White | 71.6% | 67.8% | 0.345 |
|
| |||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 (24.6, 32.5) | 26.7 (23.9, 29.5) | 0.001 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.79 (1.64, 1.92) | 1.93 (1.79, 2.07) | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Medical History | |||
| Previous MI | 75.7% | 77.3% | 0.668 |
| Diabetes | 55.4% | 37.2% | <0.0001 |
| Stroke | 8.1% | 7.5% | 0.800 |
| Hypertension | 70.9% | 58.6% | 0.004 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 70.3% | 58.9% | 0.008 |
| Current Smoker | 13.5% | 21.8% | 0.020 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 14.9% | 15.2% | 0.909 |
| Chronic Renal insufficiency | 7.4% | 7.8% | 0.873 |
| Atrial flutter/fibrillation | 8.8% | 13.2% | 0.133 |
| Depression | 10.8% | 5.6% | 0.015 |
| Performed 6 min walk test | 83.8% | 86.9% | 0.303 |
| Previous CABG | 0% | 3.4% | 0.017 |
| Previous PCI | 16.9% | 12.3% | 0.119 |
| ICD | 1.4% | 2.5% | 0.567 |
| Mitral valve repair or replacement | 0% | 0.4% | 1.000 |
| Pacemaker for heart rate | 1.4% | 1.5% | 1.000 |
| Pacemaker for resynchronization | 0% | 0.7% | 1.000 |
|
| |||
| CCS Angina Class | 0.514 | ||
| No angina | 33.1% | 36.9% | |
| I | 18.2% | 15.0% | |
| II | 42.6% | 43.4% | |
| III | 4.7% | 3.9% | |
| IV | 1.4% | 0.8% | |
|
| |||
| Highest NYHA Heart Failure Class | 0.005 | ||
| I | 5.4% | 5.7% | |
| II | 28.4% | 37.2% | |
| III | 43.9% | 44.6% | |
| IV | 22.3% | 12.4% | |
| Advanced HF (Class III/IV) | 66.2% | 57.0% | 0.034 |
| Distance walked in 6 minute walk test, m | 300 (220, 370) | 350 (270, 410) | <0.0001 |
| KCCQ Overall Summary Score | 51 (33, 69) | 63 (46, 80) | <0.0001 |
|
| |||
| Labs/Biomarkers | |||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.6 (11.6, 14.0) | 14.0 (12.9, 15.0) | <0.0001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.732 | 83.8 (70.0, 89.6) | 91.2 (73.0, 106.4) | <0.0001 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 416 (191, 605) | 310 (180, 559) | 0.163 |
|
| |||
| Medication Use at Baseline | |||
| Beta blocker | 85.8% | 85.4% | 0.905 |
| ACE inhibitor | 73.0% | 83.5% | 0.002 |
| Angiotensin Receptor blocker | 14.9% | 8.7% | 0.017 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 85.1% | 90.1% | 0.063 |
| Statin | 81.8% | 81.0% | 0.829 |
| Antiarrhythmic | 7.4% | 11.0% | 0.186 |
| Amiodarone | 6.8% | 10.2% | 0.192 |
| Digoxin | 13.5% | 21.1% | 0.030 |
| Aspirin | 80.4% | 83.0% | 0.437 |
| Warfarin | 6.8% | 11.0% | 0.115 |
| Clopidogrel | 19.6% | 16.8% | 0.402 |
| Loop diuretic | 68.9% | 64.8% | 0.326 |
| Potassium sparing diuretic | 45.3% | 46.0% | 0.875 |
| Nitrate | 54.1% | 53.2% | 0.853 |
| Insulin | 27.0% | 14.8% | <0.0001 |
| Oral diabetic agent | 29.1% | 22.8% | 0.100 |
Median (twenty-fifth, seventy-fifth percentiles) for continuous variables. BUN, blood urea nitrogen; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (based on Mayo quadratic formula); ICD indicates Implantable cardioverter defibrillator; MI, myocardial infarct; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.