Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants Present vs. Lost to Follow-up
| Present at follow-up (N = 175) | Lost to follow-up (N = 23) | Group difference?a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | % | Count | % | ||
| Intervention arm | |||||
| MiQuit | 86 | 49.1 | 10 | 43.5 | |
| Control | 89 | 50.9 | 13 | 56.5 | |
| Demographics | |||||
| IMD scoreb (mean, SD) | 21.00 (15.30) | 22.94 (18.61) | |||
| Age group | |||||
| Under 20 | 25 | 14.3 | 6 | 26.1 | |
| 20–29 | 97 | 55.4 | 11 | 47.8 | |
| 30–39 | 47 | 26.9 | 6 | 26.1 | |
| ≥40 | 6 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Has a partner who smokes | |||||
| Yes | 117 | 66.9 | 15 | 65.2 | |
| No | 58 | 33.1 | 8 | 34.8 | |
| Smoking/quitting behaviors | |||||
| Nicotine dependence categoryc | |||||
| Low | 56 | 32.0 | 6 | 26.1 | |
| Medium | 74 | 42.3 | 10 | 43.5 | |
| High | 45 | 25.7 | 7 | 30.4 | |
| Longest quit attempt prior to baseline | |||||
| Not attempted | 24 | 13.7 | 7 | 30.4 | |
| Less than 2 wk | 52 | 29.7 | 4 | 17.4 | |
| 2–5 wk | 30 | 17.1 | 5 | 21.7 | |
| 6–11 wk | 17 | 9.7 | 2 | 8.7 | |
| 12 wk or more | 52 | 29.7 | 5 | 21.7 | |
| Smoked in a previous pregnancy | |||||
| Yes | 93 | 53.4 | 9 | 39.1 | |
| No | 81 | 46.6 | 14 | 60.9 | |
| Smoking/quitting beliefs | |||||
| Intention to quit | p = .02 | ||||
| Not seriously planning to quit | 16 | 9.2 | 1 | 4.3 | |
| Within the next 3 mo | 48 | 27.6 | 3 | 13.0 | |
| Within the next 30 d | 62 | 35.6 | 7 | 30.4 | |
| Within the next 2 wk | 48 | 27.6 | 12 | 52.2 | |
| Nonsmoker identity (mean, SD) | 3.11 (1.06) | 3.26 (1.18) | |||
| Perceived social support (mean, SD) | 3.20 (1.29) | 3.65 (1.30) | |||
| Harm to baby beliefs (mean, SD) | 4.11 (1.07) | 4.26 (1.14) | |||
| Cutting down beliefs (mean, SD) | 3.68 (1.11) | 3.52 (1.16) | |||
| Easier delivery beliefs (mean, SD) | 1.72 (1.12) | 1.87 (1.14) | |||
| Determination to quit for remainder of pregnancy (mean, SD) | 3.94 (0.99) | 4.39 (0.94) | p = .04 | ||
| Self-efficacy score (mean, SD) | 2.68 (0.82) | 2.75 (0.83) | |||
| Interested in receiving risk information | p = .04 | ||||
| Yes | 123 | 70.3 | 20 | 90.9 | |
| No | 52 | 29.7 | 2 | 9.1 | |
HSI = Heaviness of Smoking Index; IMD = Index of Multiple Deprivation.
aTested using chi-squared test (percentages) or t test (means), two-tailed.
bIMD in England covers domains of income, employment, health, education, crime, access to services and living environment. The score refers to the proportion of people in the neighborhood who are classed as deprived.32
cNicotine dependence was categorized using an adapted HSI,27,34 combining the score of two items: cigarettes per day (1–5 = score of 0, 6–10 = 1, 11–20 = 2, 21–30 = 3, >30 = 4) and time to first cigarette after waking (>2h = 0, 1–2h = 1, 31–59min = 2, ≤30min = 3). A combined score of 0–2 = low dependence, 3–4 = medium dependence, 5–7 = high dependence.