Table 2.

Characteristics of the training programs from the studies identified for the systematic review

Authors, year of publication	Training program	Location and length of program	Program content
Fisman et al., 1996	Educational sessions	5 sessions from 1.5 to 2.5 hours delivered over a 6 month period at the primary care clinic where the physicians practice	Case presentation and group discussion, didactic lectures, and live interviews. Variety of topics driven by audience need.
Garcia-Ortega et al., 2013	Train-the trainer educational sessions	2 sessions delivered on October 2011 and January 2012 in Vancouver, BC.	Training PCPs in the Practice Support Program (PSP) to return to their communities and deliver the program locally. Program content focused on identification, diagnosis, and treatment of ADHD and Depression.
Gaylord et al., 2015	Shared mental health care program	Introduced in 2001, mental health professionals are located within the primary care clinic.	Family physicians and psychiatrists working collaboratively to deliver mental health services in the primary care clinic. Co-located mental health personnel only receive referrals from PCPs within their clinic.
Hunter et al., 2008	Mentoring program	Collaborative mental health care network program founded in 2001. Conducted via telephone/email.	Family physicians are connected with a psychiatrist mentor that they can contact via email or telephone when needed for timely advice and consultation.
Kates et al., 1998	Shared care program	Mental health counsellors work full time within the clinic and psychiatrists visit the clinic every 1–2 weeks.	Mental health counsellors and psychiatrists work collaboratively with the family physicians to increase mental health care capacity of clinic. Focus on integrated as opposed to parallel care.
Kirmayer et al., 2003	Cultural consultation program	Specialized mental health care service located within the local hospital.	Cultural consultation service for mental health available to primary care providers for referral for marginalized populations (immigrants, refugees, and ethnocultural minorities). Service provided specific cultural information, links to community resources, formal psychiatric assessments, and recommendations for treatment.
Kisley & Chisholm, 2009	Shared care program	Mental health professionals located within the primary care clinic to provide clinical support in direct care, consultation, liaison, and education.	Shared care mental health program for marginalized populations (i.e., homeless, living with addiction, living with disabilities, street youth, sole support parents, Aboriginal people, LGBT people, and racial minorities). Provided clinical support in direct care, consultation, liaison and education. Program also included outreach to shelters, temporary housing, and drop-in centres.
Kutcher et al., 2002	Educational program	Brief educational program (mixed lecture/seminar format) for treatment of depression. General program and enhanced program. Delivered on site at the clinic.	General program focused on epidemiology, neurobiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of depression and general use of citalopram. Enhanced program included this content and also focused more on specific strategies for improving recognition and treatment of depression, use of diagnostic/assessment tools, dosing of citalopram, and relapse prevention.
Kutcher et al., 2003	Educational program	Brief (60 minutes) educational program (mixed lecture/seminar format) for treatment of depression delivered on site at the clinic.	Subjects were epidemiology, neurobiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of depression in children and adults.
Naimer et al., 2012	Collaborative care program	Collaborative mental health care program between family medicine and psychiatry residents. Paired for one academic year.	Psychiatry residents paired (“buddied”) with family medicine residents. Family medicine residents contact buddy via email or phone for advice, consultation, etc. when needed.
Pignatiello et al., 2008	Telepsychiatry program	Program hub at SickKids Hospital in Toronto, with 15 other sites across Ontario.	Bilingual Telepsychiatry service for rural practitioners in Ontario to access consultations and education in underserviced areas.
Rockman et al., 2004	Mentoring program	Ontario College of Family Physicians (OCFP) mentoring program. Established in 2000, ongoing. Providers are all across Ontario.	10 groups with 10 family physicians, 1 psychiatrist, and 1 general practice psychotherapist in each. Family physicians can contact by phone or email those mental health professionals within their group for education and consultation.
Spenser et al., 2009	Collaborative care program	Shared care program (CHAT) developed by CHEO. Duration of 1 year. Located at the hospital’s community mental health centre in the urban core of Ottawa.	Program contained three parts: A paediatrician was integrated into the mental health care team to work part-time, clinicians were surveyed about their perceived educational needs, and continuing medical education (CME) in mental health for paediatricians and paediatric education sessions for mental health clinicians. CME sessions for mental health clinicians were seven hour-long talks given by paediatricians on: sleep problems, encopresis, child abuse, failure to thrive, adolescents with medically unexplained symptoms, and a “paediatric grab bag” of case vignettes. CME sessions for paediatricians was a single day-long event given by child/adolescent psychiatrists on developmental psychopharmacology, and paediatric anxiety and depression.
Stretch et al., 2009	Educational program	3.5 hour workshop on ADHD and Behaviour Disorders. Workshop held on site at 11 clinics in rural and underserviced areas.	Workshop included didactic teaching, observation of standardized videos demonstrating interviewing skills, and interactive group discussion. Workshop delivered by child psychiatrist and family physician. Topics focused on ADHD, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder, and interviewing skills for children/adolescents.
Swenson et al., 2008	Collaborative mental health care program	SHARE (Shared Mental Health Care Accessibility Research and Evaluation) program. September 2004 to December 2005. Located at two family practices in Ottawa.	Linked family practices with the mental health services at the local hospital. Mental health professional works in family clinic at least 1 day/week. The goals were to provide on-site mental health care to primary care patients, improve their access to hospital-based mental health services when needed, and improve access to primary care for mental health outpatients of the hospital who lacked a family physician. Adolescent and adult patients.
Vingilis et al., 2007	Shared care program	Hamilton Health Service Organization Mental Health and Nutrition Program. Implemented in 1994.	Integrate specialized mental health and nutrition services into family physician’s offices. 1 full-time mental health counsellor per 8000 patients, 1 part-time dietician per physician, 1 psychiatrist 0.5 days per month per physician. Goal to improve communication and collaboration between primary care and mental health professionals, increasing access to mental health care. For children and adults.