Retrieval space for a liquid phase cloud over an ocean surface (θ0 = 19.89°, θ = 22.39°, Φ = 174.4°, wind speed = 7 m×s−1), highlighting Retrieval Failure Metric (RFM) categories and cost metric assignments (see Table III). Also shown are example pixels illustrating a successful retrieval (red marker), a retrieval outside the solution space (green), and a multiple CER solution retrieval (blue). The vectors A, B, and C are used for computing the cost metric (3) for the pixel outside the solution space. The same logic also applies to ice cloud retrievals (see example solution space in Fig. 7).