Table I.
Youth Demographic and Spina Bifida Information at Time 1, by Ethnicity
| Characteristic | Total M (SD) or N (%) | Non-Latino Caucasian M (SD) or N (%) | Latino M (SD) or N (%) | Non-Latino Caucasian vs. Latino |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | 113 (100%) | 74 (65.5%) | 39 (33.5%) | |
| Age | 11.53 (2.41) | 11.31 (2.34) | 11.95 (2.53) | t(111) = –1.34ns |
| Gender: male | 54 (47.8%) | 35 (47.3%) | 19 (48.7%) | χ2(1) = 0.02ns |
| Spina bifida type | ||||
| Myelomeningocele | 98 (86.7%) | 64 (86.5%) | 34 (87.2%) | χ2(1) = 0.01ns |
| Lipomeningocele | 7 (6.2%) | 4 (5.4%) | 3 (7.7%) | |
| Other | 7 (6.2%) | 6 (8.1%) | 1 (2.6%) | |
| Unknown/not reported | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.6%) | |
| Lesion level | ||||
| Thoracic | 21 (18.6%) | 11 (14.9%) | 10 (25.6%) | χ2(1) = 2.16ns |
| Lumbar | 54 (47.8%) | 37 (50.0%) | 17 (43.6%) | |
| Sacral | 34 (30.1%) | 24 (32.4%) | 10 (25.6%) | |
| Unknown/not reported | 4 (3.5%) | 2 (2.7%) | 2 (5.2%) | |
| Shunt present | 88 (77.9%) | 56 (75.7%) | 32 (82.1%) | χ2(1) = 0.60ns |
| IQa | 86.83 (0.12) | 92.41 (19.87) | 75.83 (15.78) | t(105) = 4.35*** |
| Family SESb | 40.07 (16.35) | 46.95 (13.52) | 25.29 (11.43) | t(105) = 8.09*** |
Note.an = 107 for the total sample owing to missing data (non-Latino Caucasian n = 71; Latino n = 36). bn = 107 for the total sample owing to missing data (non-Latino Caucasian n = 73; Latino n = 34). IQ = WASI estimated full-scale IQ; SES = socioeconomic status measured by Hollingshead Four Factor Index. ***p < .001, nsnot significant.