Table 2.

Characteristics of the cases and the effect of various potential risk factors on the final outcome (dead/survived) of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV worldwide

Variables	Dead	Survived	P-value
Number, n	421	673	–
Male	73.4	68.8	0.104
Saudi nationality	77.4	80.5	0.218
Admission to hospital	80.0	78.8	0.607
Background of contact with morbid case at home or hospital 1–14 days prior to the onset of symptoms	38.5	38.5	1.000
Background of contact with camel or camel milk 1–14 days prior to the onset of symptoms	24.9	22.3	0.313
Need for admission to negative pressure isolation room or ICU	58.4	61.1	0.386
Comorbidity	36.1	41.9	0.057
Morbid case is native	87.4	81.6	0.011
Mean age, years (SD)	54.0 (18.8)	52.2 (17.4)	0.113
Travel history	8.6	5.3	0.038
Secondary case	32.3	33.1	0.776

Note: Data presented as percentage, unless otherwise stated.

Abbreviation: MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.