Table 1.
Demographic Data and Baseline Characteristics*
| Prenatal Surgery (N=91) | Postnatal Surgery (N=92) | |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Fetal sex female | 42 (46.2) | 57 (62.0) |
| Gestational age at randomization – wks | 23.7 ± 1.4 | 23.9 ± 1.3 |
| Maternal age at screening – yrs | 29.2 ± 5.2 | 28.7 ± 4.8 |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| White Non-Hispanic | 85 (93.4) | 86 (93.5) |
| Black Non-Hispanic | 1 ( 1.1) | 1 ( 1.1) |
| Hispanic | 3 ( 3.3) | 4 ( 4.3) |
| Other | 2 ( 2.2) | 1 ( 1.1) |
| Married or living with partner | 84 (92.3) | 86 (93.5) |
| Years of schooling | 14.9 ± 1.7 | 14.9 ± 1.7 |
| Body Mass Index at screening – kg/m2 | 26.3 ± 3.7 | 26.3 ± 3.9 |
| Currently smoking | 6 ( 6.6) | 5 ( 5.4) |
| Either parent with familial history of NTD | 9 ( 9.9) | 16 (17.4) |
| Nulliparous | 37 (40.7) | 37 (40.2) |
| Previous uterine surgeries (including cesarean) | 12 (13.2) | 11 (12.0) |
| Cervical length (mm, transvaginal) | 39.5 ± 7.6 | 39.4 ± 5.9 |
| Anterior placenta | 43 (47.3) | 39 (42.4) |
| Lesion level L3 or lower | 62 (68.1) | 76 (82.6) |
| Any clubfoot on ultrasound | 24 (26.4) | 19 (20.7) |
*
Intent to treat analysis of full randomized cohort; data presented as n (%) or mean ± SD.