Table 3.

Behavioural and environmental interventions (n = 3)

Study	Design and quality appraisala	Setting and participants	Intervention and implementationb	Inequalityc	Summary of effects on inequalities in obesity* ↑ = increased ↓ = decreased ↔ = no change
Lemon et al.42	Cluster randomized controlled trial 12- and 24-month follow-up Final sample = 648 Quality = Moderate	6 hospital worksites, USA 18–65 years 80% female	Social marketing campaign, environmental strategies promoting physical activity, environmental strategies promoting healthy eating and strategies promoting interpersonal support. Types of intervention strategies include stairway signs, cafeteria signs, Farmer's Markets, walking groups, challenges, workshops, educational displays, newsletters, project website, project information centre and print materials Implementation = 7	Universal: education	BMI Weight gain	↔ ↑
Scoggins et al.43	Controlled cohort study 1-year follow-up Final sample = 19559 Quality = Moderate	Worksite, USA 18–69 years 49.9% female	‘Healthy Incentives’ weight management intervention sponsored by employer. Environmental modifications (e.g. decorating stairwells and prompting stair use, healthy options in vending machines, room converted to free gym, garden for employees to grow healthy food) plus individual action plans encouraging healthy activities, weight management, exercise, nutrition, stress management and smoking cessation; monthly electronic newsletter, website and poster campaigns Implementation = 6	Universal: education	BMI	↓
VanWormer et al.44	Prospective cohort study 24-month follow-up Final sample = 1222 Quality = Moderate	6 worksites, USA Mean age = 44.2 years 61% female	‘HealthWorks’ intervention—Healthy foods/beverages made affordable, access modifications to healthy foods, aesthetic stairwell enhancements, free access to pedometers and website step tracking tools, improved scale access for self-weighing (including balance beam scales placed at various locations within the workplace such as rest rooms), worksite advisory groups and site-wide publicity of nutrition and physical activity Implementation = 5	Universal: education	Body weight	↔

BMI, body mass index.

^aGlobal quality appraisal from EPHPP; see Supplementary data, Appendix S2.

^bNumber of implementation appraisal criteria met out of 10.

^cTargeted/universal approach to inequality, measure of inequality/SES.

*P < 0.05. For controlled studies, this is for the relative mean differences between intervention and control at follow-up. For uncontrolled studies, it represents the change between baseline and follow-up.