Table 4.
Normative Beliefs of Smokeless Tobacco Use Associated With Prior Use/Predict Interest in Snus
| Prior ST use | Interest in snus | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | 95% CI | ||
| Exp(B) | LB | UB | Exp(B) | LB | UB | ||
| Ever use ST | Yes (12%) | — | — | — | 8.20*** | 2.44 | 27.53 |
| Ever smoke | Yes (39%) | 34.43 | 8.08 | 146.66 | 2.37 | 0.74 | 7.63 |
| Normative | Prevalence of use | 2.39** | 1.38 | 4.125 | 0.532* | 0.29 | 0.987 |
| Beliefs | Elite/popular elements | 0.861 | 0.51 | 1.44 | 2.209** | 1.26 | 3.88 |
| Favorable norms | 1.071* | 1.009 | 2.67 | 1.83** | 1.15 | 2.92 | |
CI = confidence interval; Exp(B) = Exponentiated beta; LB = lower bound; OR = odds ratio; ST = smokeless tobacco; UB = upper bound. Models adjust for sex, age, and race; normative belief scales coded such that higher scores indicate increased perceived prevalence and use of ST and favorable norms regarding ST use. Prevalence is based on a five-point scale with a one-unit increase associated with a 20% increase in prevalence.
* P < .05; ** P < .01; *** P < .001.