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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Cancer Res. 2017 Oct 12;16(7):1125–1137. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-17-0230

Figure 6.

Figure 6

STMN1 is required for growth of prostate tumor cells. A, Tumor growth of stable STMN1 knockdown or control non-T shRNA PC3 cells in the chick CAM tumor assay. Tumors from the upper CAM were harvested and weighed at 72 hours after implantation of cells. B and C, STMN1 knockdown reduced intravasation and metastasis of PC3 cells in the lower CAM and liver, respectively. Cells that moved to the lower CAMs and livers of chicken embryos were quantified with human Alu-specific PCR. D, STMN1 knockdown in PC3 cells inhibited tumor growth in mouse xenografts. A plot of mean tumor volume at indicated time points for mice inoculated with cells treated with STMN1 stable knockdown shRNA 1 (solid line with filled squares) or 2 (solid line with filled triangles) or with NT-shRNA (solid line with filled diamonds). Inset, photomicrographs of xenograft tumors. E, Tumor weights for the NT-shRNA, STMN1 shRNA 1, and STMN1 shRNA 2 groups (n = 8 mice/group). F, Western blot analyses showing STMN1 expression in mouse xenograft tumors. G, A proposed model of CtBP1, miR-34a, STMN1, and GDF15 regulation in prostate cancer. STMN1, regulated by miR-34a, is involved in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and tumor growth.