. 2018 Mar 5;55(5):1953–1959. doi: 10.1007/s13197-018-3100-7

Table 1.

Physical and mechanical properties of cassava starch films incorporated with cinnamon oil and nanoclay at different concentrations

Films	Concentration (% w/w)			Physical properties		Mechanical properties
Films	Concentration (% w/w)			Thickness (mm)	WVP (g mm/m² day kPa)	Tensile strength (MPa)	Elongation at break (%)
Control	–			0.29 ± 0.02^c	137.04 ± 19.56^bcde	1.68 ± 0.10^ab	92.38 ± 25.54^bc
	Cinnamon oil
Films with essential oil	1.5			0.34 ± 0.01^abc	143.20 ± 18.58^bcd	0.34 ± 0.02^c	248.34 ± 26.93^a
	2			0.34 ± 0.02^abc	100.73 ± 12.33 ^fg	0.38 ± 0.04^c	270.82 ± 37.05^a
	2.5			0.38 ± 0.02^a	107.71 ± 13.73^defg	0.31 ± 0.05^c	281.06 ± 40.56^a
	Glycerine	Sodium bentonite
Films with sodium bentonite	2	0.25		0.31 ± 0.01^c	133.06 ± 18.11^bcdef	1.43 ± 0.31^b	94.39 ± 18.68^bc
	2	0.5		0.32 ± 0.02^bc	97.68 ± 4.78 ^fg	1.68 ± 0.29^ab	73.62 ± 12.06^c
	2	0.75		0.34 ± 0.03^abc	73.21 ± 9.30 ^g	2.15 ± 0.65^a	67.72 ± 14.27^c
	3	0.25		0.33 ± 0.01^abc	126.52 ± 36.58^cdef	0.36 ± 0.05^c	147.29 ± 56.95^b
	3	0.5		0.33 ± 0.03^abc	117.63 ± 15.60^cdef	0.38 ± 0.06^c	120.59 ± 28.61^bc
	3	0.75		0.37 ± 0.01^ab	104.90 ± 16.64^efg	0.52 ± 0.16^c	99.41 ± 39.10^bc
	Glycerine	Sodium bentonite	Cinnamon oil
Films with sodium bentonite and essential oils	2	0.75	1.5	0.32 ± 0.02^bc	146.46 ± 9.53^bc	0.63 ± 0.09^c	108.85 ± 7.29^bc
	2	0.75	2	0.34 ± 0.03^abc	165.01 ± 6.46^b	0.54 ± 0.02^c	96.62 ± 16.56^bc
	2	0.75	2.5	0.33 ± 0.01^abc	203.09 ± 5.70^a	0.51 ± 0.18^c	72.79 ± 16.79^c

Different superscript (a, b, c, d, e, f and g) letters within a column indicate the significant (p < 0.05) difference between mean observations