Table 2.
Mediators in patients with and without bacteremia; the median value and range are given.
| Mediator | Patients | Mann–Whitney | Logistic regression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariatea | ||||||
| Without bacteremia | With bacteremia | p-Value | OR 95%CI | p-Value | OR 95% CI | p-Value | |
| Interleukins | |||||||
| IL-1rab | 4.7 (1.1, 1,376.0) | 21.7 (1.3, a.d.) | 0.0031 | ||||
| IL-1βc | 1.4 (0.1, 61.0) | 3.1 (n.d., 64.3) | 0.0763 | ||||
| IL-6b | 0.11 (0.08, 119) | 0.15 (0.03, 13.8) | 0.3187 | ||||
| IL-10c | 4.8 (n.d., 394.7) | 26.9 (n.d., 2,256) | 0.0016 | ||||
| IL-18b | 0.29 (0.10, 2.3) | 0.32 (0.08, 20.0) | 0.5280 | ||||
| Chemokines | |||||||
| CCL2b | 0.35 (0.07, 11.3) | 0.77 (0.11, 17.8) | 0.0499 | ||||
| CCL4b | 0.36 (0.24, 2.6) | 0.47 (0.24, 6.9) | <0.0001 | 4.3 (1.4, 13.2) | 0.0100 | 1.8 (0.6, 5.2) | 0.288 |
| CCL5b | 7.8 (0.49, 23.0) | 5.8 (0.62, 19.7) | 0.0361 | ||||
| CCL11b | 0.20 (0.05, 0.57) | 0.18 (0.07, 17.9) | 0.6610 | ||||
| CXCL5b | 0.18 (0.09, 0.77) | 0.26 (0.03, 5.26) | 0.0881 | ||||
| CXCL8c | 14.7 (2.7, 529.8) | 28.4 (6.34, 6,634) | 0.0023 | ||||
| CXCL10c | 158.0 (10.77, 5,341) | 296.7 (41.68, 4,942) | 0.0511 | ||||
| CXCL11c | 51.9 (23.23, 907.7) | 90.5 (7.14, 1,091) | 0.0332 | ||||
| Immunomodulatory cytokines | |||||||
| TNF-αc | 9.4 (2.68, 497.1) | 42.7 (3.07, 1,157) | <0.0001 | 3.9 (1.9, 7.9) | <0.0001 | 1.2 (0.4, 3.6) | 0.761 |
| IFN-γc | 3.7 (n.d., 22.91) | 2.8 (n.d., 14.2) | 0.2381 | ||||
| CD40Lb | 0.88 (0.3, 2.7) | 0.83 (0.4, 2.0) | 0.4408 | ||||
| Growth factors | |||||||
| VEGFb | 0.26 (0.07, 0.4) | 0.21 (0.08, 0.5) | 0.1130 | ||||
| TPOb | 0.84 (0.4, 7.0) | 1.00 (0.5, 3.1) | 0.1255 | ||||
| HGFb | 0.24 (0.01, 2.7) | 0.4 (n.d., 20.0) | 0.0023 | ||||
| G-CSFb | 0.18 (0.04, 31.6) | 0.63 (0.07, 34.0) | 0.1417 | ||||
| GM-CSFc | 0.09 (n.d., 5.98) | 0.33 (n.d., 9.36) | 0.3332 | ||||
| Leptinb | 10.5 (1.0, 172.4) | 13.8 (0.6, 11.5) | 0.8059 | ||||
| Adhesion molecules | |||||||
| E-Selectinb | 47.6 (16.9, 293.7) | 81.6 (19.2, 270.8) | 0.0004 | 2.5 (1.4, 4.3) | 0.0010 | 1.2 (0.6, 2.5) | 0.5120 |
| P-Selectinb | 23.0 (10.4, 39.8) | 23.2 (11.12, 39.0) | 0.4495 | ||||
| ICAM-1d | 0.44 (0.11, 1.50) | 0.65 (0.17, 1.49) | 0.0003 | 3.0 (1.6, 5.5) | <0.0001 | 1.5 (0.7, 3.1) | 0.2100 |
| VCAM-1d | 1.8 (0.6, 6.8) | 3.0 (1.5, 7.3) | <0.0001 | 5.3 (2.4, 11.8) | <0.0001 | 3.4 (1.3, 8.8) | <0.0001 |
| Matrix metalloproteases and inhibitors | |||||||
| MMP-1b | 0.56 (0.14, 7.6) | 0.58 (0.17, 5.0) | 0.4380 | ||||
| MMP-2b | 0.05 (0.03, 53.1) | 45.8 (28.1, 52.0) | 0.6062 | ||||
| MMP-3b | 9.4 (2.5, a.d.) | 12.6 (3.9, a.d.) | 0.0550 | ||||
| MMP-8b | 3.9 (0.97, 38.7) | 8,515 (1.2, 81.4) | 0.0257 | ||||
| MMP-9b | 3.9 (n.d., 122.9) | 2.0 (n.d., 73.1) | 0.1328 | ||||
| MMP-13b | 0.46 (0.04, 0.9) | 0.53 (0.02, 4.2) | 0.6161 | ||||
| TIMP-1d | 0.12 (0.04, 1.13) | 0.27 (0.07, 1.17) | <0.0001 | 2.6 (1.4, 4.5) | 0.0030 | 1.0 (0.4, 2.6) | 0.5950 |
| TIMP-2b | 74.9 (30.1, 143.6) | 89.9 (53.3, 419.3) | 0.0026 | ||||
| TIMP-4b | 2.8 (1.2, 8.0) | 3.8 (1.6, 8.3) | 0.0036 | ||||
aModel including all the six mediators; age and organ failure are not included as predictors, as they did not have major impact on the mediators OR and p-values. bng/ml, cpg/ml, dμg/ml.
n.d.: not detected; a.d.: above detection range.
Mann–Whitney U test is used for comparison, p < 0.05 is regarded as significant, p < 0.0014 also significant after Bonferroni correction are marked in bold.