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. 2018 Apr 12;8:5932. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24288-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of IFBOs after oral administration of 10 mg/kg for 15 days in NDEA-exposed rats (A) Body weight, (B) Enzyme levels of AST, ALT, ALP and LDH in serum, (C) Catabolic by-product (bilirubin and biliverdin), and (D) Anti-proliferative biomarkers IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β in liver carcinogenic tissue. Normal control (NC), Carcinogen control (CC: NDEA), Positive control (PC: NDEA + 5-FU), Treatment T1 (NDEA + 6a), Treatment T2 (NDEA + 10a), Treatment T3 (NDEA + 15a). Results are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 8). Statistically significant differences were observed between carcinogen control (CC) group and test groups (PC, T1, T2 and T3). *p < 0.001, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.05, when compared to the carcinogen control (CC) group [one way-ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test].