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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 13.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Parasitol. 2015 Mar 24;153:139–150. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.03.012

Figure 5. Immunity to schistosomal calpain correlates with resistance and higher surface levels of CD23.

Figure 5

A. Schistosomal calpain can be detected in the bloodstream of subjects with schistosomiasis (middle panel). B. Calpain can be detected in E/S products (left panel) and in somatic antigens from mechanically-processed schistosomula (right panel). Higher MW calpain in E/S may be due to aggregation of calpain with host or parasite-derived proteins. rSm-p80 is shown in leftmost panel. C. Anti-calpain IgG levels in serum from Kenyan car washers positively correlate with the level of resistance over time (n=23; P=0.04; r=−0.423). D. Anti-calpain IgG levels correlate with the percentage of CD23+ B cells in blood. CD23+ B cells were evaluated in fresh, unprocessed whole blood samples (n=8; P=0.09; r=0.629). E. Anti-calpain IgG levels positively correlate with total levels of sCD23 measured in serum (n=14; P=0.04); r=0.545). F. The ratio of 25–29 kDa sCD23 to 15 kDa sCD23 levels is higher in patients resistant to reinfection with schistosomes (n=13; 95% CI=3.5 to 6.7) compared to more susceptible subjects (n=7; CI=0.66 to 4.7; P=0.05)