Table 1. Evidence that maternal prebiotic exposures during pregnancy are associated with programming offspring health.

Maternal prebiotic exposures	Animal model	Effects on offspring	Reference
Galacto-oligosaccharide/inulin mixture	Balb/c mice	Prevents food allergies	[127]
Specific mixture of short-chain galacto- and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides	Balb/c and C57BL/6 mice	Reduces symptoms of allergic asthma	[128]
Fructo-oligosaccharide	NC/Nga mice	Diminishes the severity of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions	[129]
Oligofructose	Sprague–Dawley rat	Reduces obesity risk	[16]
Oligofructose and inulin	Wistar rat	Decreases fat mass	[125]
Inulin and oligofructose	Wistar rat	Regulates expression of circulating metabolism associated hormones and genes	[124]
Oligofructose-enriched inulin	Sprague-Dawley rat	Improves bone microarchitecture	[130]
Caprine milk oligosaccharides	C57BL/6 mice	Improves the development	[131]
Galacto-oligosaccharides-inulin	Balb/cj mice	Enhances intestinal and muscle mass growth	[132]
Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharide	Sow	Strengths gut defenses and immune response	[133]