Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants*
| Characteristics | n | Men (n=7979) | n | Women (n=18 361) |
| Age, year | 54.0 (9.3) | 52.6 (9.0) | ||
| Total fruit and vegetable, serving/day | 4.9 (2.7) | 5.6 (2.6) | ||
| Vegetable, serving/day | 2.1 (1.4) | 2.7 (1.5) | ||
| Fruit, serving/day | 1.8 (1.4) | 2.3 (1.3) | ||
| 100% fruit or vegetable juice, serving/day | 0.9 (1.1) | 0.6 (0.9) | ||
| Total fruit and vegetable ≥7 servings/day, n (%) | 1750 (21.9) | 5803 (31.6) | ||
| Body weight, kg | 85.0 (17.8) | 76.7 (17.8) | ||
| Body height, cm | 171.8 (8.4) | 164.4 (6.7) | ||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.7 (5.6) | 28.4 (6.3) | ||
| Waist circumference, cm | 97.0 (14.0) | 92.7 (15.0) | ||
| Hip circumference, cm | 104.7 (10.7) | 106.1 (12.8) | ||
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.93 (0.10) | 0.87 (0.09) | ||
| Percentage fat mass, % | 5311 | 30.8 (9.4) | 13 005 | 34.7 (8.8) |
| Fat mass index, kg/m2 | 5307 | 9.1 (4.3) | 12 997 | 10.1 (4.4) |
| Fat-free mass index, kg/m2 | 5306 | 19.4 (3.2) | 12 996 | 18.0 (3.1) |
| Province, n (%) | ||||
| Nova Scotia | 4272 (53.5) | 9639 (52.5) | ||
| New Brunswick | 2283 (28.6) | 5424 (29.5) | ||
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 1194 (15.0) | 2630 (14.3) | ||
| Prince Edward Island | 230 (2.9) | 668 (3.6) | ||
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||||
| White | 7178 (90.0) | 16 016 (87.2) | ||
| Non-white | 447 (5.6) | 1218 (6.6) | ||
| DNK/PNA | 354 (4.4) | 1127 (6.1) | ||
| Education, n (%) | ||||
| Less than high school | 1550 (19.4) | 3293 (17.9) | ||
| College level | 2978 (37.3) | 7799 (42.5) | ||
| University level or higher | 3430 (43.0) | 7217 (39.3) | ||
| DNK/PNA | 21 (0.3) | 52 (0.3) | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | ||||
| Married or living together | 6971 (87.4) | 14 120 (76.9) | ||
| Single, divorced, separated or widowed | 988 (12.4) | 4185 (22.8) | ||
| DNK/PNA | 20 (0.3) | 56 (0.3) | ||
| Smoking status, n (%) | ||||
| Never | 3796 (47.6) | 9461 (51.5) | ||
| Former | 3381 (42.4) | 7023 (38.2) | ||
| Current | 763 (9.6) | 1719 (9.4) | ||
| DNK/PNA | 39 (0.5) | 158 (0.9) | ||
| Alcohol drinking, n (%) | ||||
| Abstainer | 810 (10.2) | 1985 (10.8) | ||
| Occasional drinker | 2322 (29.1) | 8489 (46.2) | ||
| Regular drinker | 2793 (35.0) | 5224 (28.5) | ||
| Habitual drinker | 1833 (23.0) | 2412 (13.1) | ||
| DNK/PNA | 221 (2.8) | 251 (1.4) | ||
| Total physical activity, n (%) | ||||
| Low | 2615 (32.8) | 6032 (32.9) | ||
| Medium | 2725 (34.2) | 6144 (33.5) | ||
| High | 2628 (33.0) | 6162 (33.6) | ||
| Chronic disease†, yes, n (%) | 2618 (32.8) | 4767 (26.0) | ||
| Obesity‡, yes, n (%) | 2774 (34.8) | 6144 (33.5) | ||
| Abdominal obesity§, yes, n (%) | 2590 (32.5) | 10 951 (59.6) | ||
*Data are means (SD) and number of participants (percentage). Percentages may not total 100 due to rounding.
†Self-reported diabetes mellitus and/or current use of antidiabetic medications, self-reported CVD and/or current use of medications for CVD treatment and self-reported cancer.
‡BMI ≥30 kg/m2.
§Waist circumference ≥102 cm for men and ≥88 cm for women.
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DNK, do not know; PNA, prefer not to answer.