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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 13.
Published in final edited form as: Soil Sci Soc Am J. 2016 Jun 24;80(3):613–622. doi: 10.2136/sssaj2015.11.0414

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

(a) X-ray diffraction patterns of the basally oriented clay fraction of the four soils after treatment: Mg saturated and air dried (Mg); Mg saturated and ethylene glycolated (Mg-EG), and K saturated and heated to 550°C (K-550); (b) random powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the four soils; and (c) random powder X-ray diffractions of the fresh biochar samples produced at 450°C (B450) and 550°C (B550). Identified peaks include hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite (HIV), illite (I), kaolinite (K), smectite (Sm), calcite (Ca), quartz (Q), feldspar (Fel), gibbsite (Gb), goethite (Goe), hematite (Hm), whewellite (W) and sylvite (Sy); Al represents Al peaks from the sample holder (and not the samples) that was used for the analysis.