Table A2.
OLS regression coefficients predicting kindergarten behavior subscales
| EXTERNALIZING | INTERNALIZING | APPROACHES TO LEARNING | SOCIAL | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| Number of moves total | 0.04*** (0.01) |
0.02* (0.01) |
−0.03*** (0.01) |
0.00 (0.01) |
||||
| Number of moves (nonmover) | ||||||||
| Moved once | 0.01 (0.04) |
0.03 (0.04) |
0.00 (0.05) |
0.02 (0.04) |
||||
| Moved twice | 0.02 (0.05) |
0.00 (0.05) |
0.00 (0.05) |
0.05 (0.05) |
||||
| Moved three times | 0.19*** (0.05) |
0.12* (0.06) |
−0.12* (0.05) |
0.04 (0.05) |
||||
| Moved 4+ | 0.21*** (0.05) |
0.15* (0.06) |
−0.18*** (0.04) |
−0.07 (0.06) |
||||
| ZIP Code at Wave K | ||||||||
| Deprivation index | 0.00 (0.01) |
0.00 (0.01) |
0.00 (0.01) |
0.00 (0.01) |
−0.01 (0.01) |
−0.01 (0.01) |
−0.02+ (0.01) |
−0.02+ (0.01) |
| Median household income | −0.02 (0.01) |
−0.02 (0.01) |
−0.02 (0.02) |
−0.02 (0.02) |
0.00 (0.02) |
0.00 (0.02) |
−0.01 (0.02) |
−0.02 (0.02) |
| % college degree | 0.00** (0.00) |
0.00** (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) |
0.00* (0.00) |
0.00* (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) |
| Controls | ||||||||
| Race/Ethnicity (NH White) | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.05 (0.06) |
0.05 (0.06) |
−0.14* (0.05) |
−0.13* (0.05) |
0.00 (0.06) |
−0.01 (0.06) |
0.04 (0.05) |
0.04 (0.05) |
| Hispanic | −0.10* (0.04) |
−0.10* (0.04) |
−0.10* (0.04) |
−0.09* (0.04) |
0.03 (0.04) |
0.03 (0.04) |
0.05 (0.04) |
0.04 (0.04) |
| Other | −0.06 (0.05) |
−0.05 (0.05) |
−0.06 (0.04) |
−0.06 (0.04) |
0.01 (0.04) |
0.00 (0.04) |
−0.06 (0.04) |
−0.06 (0.04) |
| Male | 0.40*** (0.03) |
0.40*** (0.03) |
0.09** (0.03) |
0.09** (0.03) |
−0.33*** (0.03) |
−0.33*** (0.03) |
−0.28*** (0.03) |
−0.28*** (0.03) |
| Teen parent | 0.00 (0.06) |
0.00 (0.06) |
0.03 (0.06) |
0.02 (0.06) |
0.05 (0.06) |
0.06 (0.06) |
0.02 (0.05) |
0.04 (0.05) |
| Age at Wave 1 | 0.04** (0.01) |
0.04** (0.01) |
0.01 (0.02) |
0.01 (0.02) |
−0.10*** (0.02) |
−0.10*** (0.02) |
−0.07*** (0.01) |
−0.07*** (0.01) |
| Age at Wave K | −0.01*** (0.00) |
−0.01*** (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) |
0.03*** (0.00) |
0.03*** (0.00) |
0.02*** (0.00) |
0.02*** (0.00) |
| Relationship status at birth (Married) | ||||||||
| Cohabiting at birth | 0.11* (0.05) |
0.10* (0.05) |
0.07 (0.04) |
0.06 (0.04) |
−0.13* (0.05) |
−0.13* (0.05) |
−0.09* (0.04) |
−0.09* (0.04) |
| Single at birth | 0.21** (0.06) |
0.21*** (0.06) |
0.09+ (0.05) |
0.09+ (0.05) |
−0.26*** (0.06) |
−0.26*** (0.06) |
−0.15** (0.06) |
−0.15** (0.06) |
| Income-to-needs at Wave 1 | −0.02* (0.01) |
−0.02* (0.01) |
−0.02** (0.01) |
−0.02** (0.01) |
0.02** (0.01) |
0.02** (0.01) |
0.02*** (0.01) |
0.03*** (0.01) |
| Mom’s education at Wave 1 (Advanced degree) | ||||||||
| Less than high school∘ | 0.05 (0.07) |
0.05 (0.07) |
−0.02 (0.08) |
−0.02 (0.08) |
−0.18* (0.08) |
−0.17* (0.08) |
−0.14* (0.07) |
−0.13+ (0.07) |
| High school diploma/GED∘ | 0.12+ (0.06) |
0.12* (0.06) |
0.07 (0.06) |
0.06 (0.06) |
−0.23** (0.07) |
−0.22** (0.07) |
−0.13* (0.07) |
−0.13+ (0.06) |
| Some college∘ | 0.11+ (0.06) |
0.10+ (0.06) |
0.05 (0.06) |
0.04 (0.06) |
−0.16* (0.07) |
−0.16* (0.07) |
−0.07 (0.06) |
−0.06 (0.06) |
| College degree∘ | 0.02 (0.06) |
0.02 (0.06) |
0.01 (0.06) |
0.01 (0.06) |
−0.03 (0.07) |
−0.03 (0.07) |
0.05 (0.06) |
0.05 (0.06) |
| # other children at Wave 1 | −0.03 (0.03) |
−0.03 (0.03) |
−0.09** (0.03) |
−0.09** (0.03) |
−0.01 (0.03) |
−0.02 (0.03) |
0.00 (0.03) |
0.00 (0.03) |
| Region at Wave K (Northeast) | ||||||||
| Midwest∘ | 0.03 (0.05) |
0.03 (0.06) |
−0.01 (0.04) |
−0.01 (0.04) |
−0.07 (0.07) |
−0.08 (0.07) |
−0.11* (0.05) |
−0.11* (0.05) |
| South ∘ | 0.08 (0.05) |
0.08 (0.05) |
−0.01 (0.04) |
−0.01 (0.04) |
−0.05 (0.06) |
−0.05 (0.06) |
−0.07 (0.05) |
−0.08 (0.05) |
| West∘ | 0.03 (0.06) |
0.03 (0.06) |
−0.01 (0.04) |
−0.01 (0.04) |
0.03 (0.07) |
0.03 (0.07) |
−0.08+ (0.05) |
−0.08+ (0.05) |
| Urbanicity at Wave K (Urban area) | ||||||||
| Urban cluster∘ | −0.04 (0.06) |
−0.04 (0.05) |
0.00 (0.05) |
−0.02 (0.05) |
0.00 (0.06) |
0.01 (0.05) |
−0.03 (0.05) |
−0.02 (0.05) |
| Rural∘ | 0.03 (0.05) |
0.03 (0.05) |
0.05 (0.05) |
0.05 (0.05) |
−0.07 (0.06) |
−0.06 (0.06) |
−0.03 (0.05) |
−0.02 (0.05) |
| Cognitive score at Wave 1 | −0.10*** (0.03) |
−0.10** (0.03) |
−0.01 (0.03) |
−0.01 (0.03) |
0.20*** (0.03) |
0.20*** (0.03) |
0.15*** (0.03) |
0.15*** (0.03) |
| Behavior Wave 1 | −0.02 (0.02) |
−0.03 (0.02) |
−0.01 (0.02) |
−0.01 (0.02) |
0.03* (0.02) |
0.04* (0.02) |
0.03+ (0.02) |
0.03+ (0.02) |
| Not biomom for one wave or more∘ | 0.28*** (0.06) |
0.30*** (0.06) |
0.09 (0.07) |
0.09 (0.07) |
−0.19*** (0.05) |
−0.20*** (0.05) |
−0.13* (0.05) |
−0.12* (0.05) |
| Constant | 2.00*** (0.24) |
2.05*** (0.24) |
1.87*** (0.30) |
1.94*** (0.30) |
3.64*** (0.27) |
3.62*** (0.27) |
3.67*** (0.31) |
3.64*** (0.31) |
Source: ECLS-B.
Notes: Adjusted for complex sampling design. N≈5,050. Standard errors in parentheses.
∘
Denotes yes/no variable.
+
p<.10
*
p<.05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001