Table 2.
Pre- vs posttraining outcome measures for normotensive elderly women*
| Variable | Responders group (n=5)
|
Nonresponders group (n=7)
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pretraining (T1) | Posttraining (T4) | Pretraining (T1) | Posttraining (T4) | |
| Basal systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 115.96±13.28 (99.47–132.46) | 107.38±12.24 (92.17–122.58) | 109.15±10.13 (99.78–118.53) | 114.86±10.85 (104.82–124.91) |
| Basal diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 64.00±8.35 (53.63–74.37) | 64.76±6.31 (56.93–72.60) | 68.11±7.07 (61.56–74.66) | 71.42±9.05 (63.05–79.80) |
| Basal heart rate (bpm) | 70.80±10.53 (57.72–83.89) | 74.35±9.70 (62.30–86.39) | 79.96±14.57 (66.48–93.43) | 80.79±11.71 (69.95–91.63) |
| Age (years) | 71.60±2.60 (68.36–74.83) | – | 69.71±9.72 (60.72–78.70) | – |
| Body weight (kg) | 65.07±11.94 (50.24–79.90) | 65.43±11.59 (51.02–79.83) | 67.80±16.25 (57.76–82.83) | 67.02±16.73 (51.55–82.50) |
| Height (m) | 1.53±0.07 (1.44–1.62) | 1.52±0.07 (1.44–1.61) | 1.58±0.05 (1.52–1.63) | 1.58±0.05 (1.53–1.63) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.67±4.73 (21.79–33.56) | 28.04±4.64 (22.28–33.80) | 27.09±5.88 (21.65–32.53) | 26.48±5.68 (21.22–31.74) |
| Body fat (%) | 38.42±6.19 (30.72–46.11) | 39.78±6.31 (31.93–47.62) | 36.30±7.28 (29.56–43.03) | 35.62±7.53 (28.65–42.59) |
| Right handgrip strength (kg) | 27.20±5.21 (20.72–33.67) | 26.60±5.17 (20.17–33.02) | 26.57±4.72 (22.20–30.92) | 26.28±5.31 (21.37–31.20) |
| Left handgrip strength (kg) | 24.40±4.33 (19.01–29.78) | 25.40±4.66 (19.60–31.19) | 24.57±4.72 (20.20–28.93) | 24.57±5.12 (19.82–29.31) |
| Relative handgrip strength (kg/IMC) | 1.25±0.32 (0.84–1.65) | 1.91±0.53 (1.25–2.57) | 1.24±0.20 (1.04–1.43) | 1.97±0.53 (1.48–2.47) |
| Time-up and go (s) | 6.38±0.94 (5.21–7.65) | 5.98±0.75 (5.04–6.93) | 6.35±0.69 (5.71–7.00) | 6.24±0.60 (5.68–6.80) |
| Chair stand (reps) | 14.60±3.28 (10.51–18.68) | 16.60±2.50 (13.48–19.71)** | 15.42±3.30 (12.36–18.48) | 15.57±3.50 (12.32–18.81)** |
| Six-minute walking test (m) | 498.16±50.43 (435.53–560.78) | 494.72±83.83 (390.62–598.81) | 490.85±30.67 (427.48–519.22) | 502.14±44.54 (460.94–543.34) |
| Relative leg press strength (kg/IMC) | 1.59±0.20 (1.34–1.84) | 2.03±0.18 (1.79–2.26)** | 1.40±0.28 (1.14–1.66) | 1.90±0.33 (1.59–2.20)** |
| Relative chest press strength (kg/IMC) | 0.80±0.21 (0.53–1.06) | 1.23±0.23 (0.94–1.52)** | 0.81±0.14 (0.67–0.94) | 1.17±0.08 (1.03–1.19)** |
| Relative leg extension strength (kg/IMC) | 1.36±0.26 (1.03–1.68) | 1.72±0.18 (1.49–1.94)** | 1.31±0.31 (1.02–1.60) | 1.80±0.36 (1.47–2.14)** |
| Relative low row strength (kg/IMC) | 1.23±0.18 (1.00–1.46) | 1.48±1.15 (1.29–1.66)** | 1.28±0.18 (1.11–1.45) | 1.57±0.25 (1.33–1.80)** |
| Relative leg curl strength (kg/IMC) | 1.46±0.32 (1.06–1.87) | 1.70±0.29 (1.33–2.06)** | 1.38±0.18 (1.21–1.56) | 1.76±0.20 (1.57–1.95)** |
| 10 RM leg press (kg) | 43.79±7.74 (34.17–53.40) | 56.79±8.86 (45.78–67.79)** | 37.85±10.00 (28.60–47.11) | 50.71±15.66 (36.23–65.19)** |
| 10 RM chest press (kg) | 21.79±4.31 (16.42–27.15) | 34.00±4.18 (28.80–39.19)** | 21.41±3.78 (17.91–24.91) | 29.28±4.49 (25.12–33.44)** |
| 10 RM leg extension (kg) | 37.19±7.26 (28.16–46.21) | 48.00±7.58 (38.58–57.41)** | 35.28±10.67 (25.41–45.15) | 47.70±13.42 (35.29–60.12)** |
| 10 RM low row (kg) | 33.60±2.19 (30.87–36.32) | 41.00±4.18 (35.80–46.19)** | 33.85±2.73 (31.32–36.38) | 40.71±5.34 (35.77–45.65)** |
| 10 RM leg curl (kg) | 39.99±7.89 (30.19–49.78) | 47.00±7.58 (35.58–56.41)** | 36.99±5.86 (31.56–42.41) | 46.12±7.20 (39.46–52.79)** |
*
Notes: Values are expressed as mean, SD, and 95% CI for the mean.
**
Significant effect from pretraining (P<0.05).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; RM, repetition maximum.