Expression levels of connexin (Cxn) 43 and desmin were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. RNA was isolated from left ventricles, and expression levels of both connexin 43 and desmin were measured by PCR as described in methods. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc analyses. Two-way ANOVA identified an effect of treatment, connexin 43, P = 0.0003, and an effect of treatment, desmin, P = 0.011, and individual differences were observed between the saline/room air (RA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/O2 measurements for connexin 43 and individual differences between the female LPS/O2 measurements and all other points, P < 0.05. n = 5–6/group. *Different between treatments, same sex; #different between sexes, same treatment.