Table 2.

Pressure-volume loop measurements of cardiac function

	Saline/Room Air		Lipopolysaccharide/O2
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Two-Way ANOVA Effects
End-systolic pressure, mmHg	94.30 ± 5.05	93.17 ± 4.10	84.77 ± 5.62	87.86 ± 3.78	NS
End-diastolic pressure, mmHg	2.86 ± 0.69	0.90 ± 0.15	1.16 ± 0.13*	0.83 ± 0.05*#	P = 0.025 effect of treatment; P = 0.01 effect of sex; P = 0.04 interaction
Peak rate of pressure rise, mmHg/s	10,283 ± 960.1	9,887 ± 710.1	6,226 ± 409.4*	7,914 ± 638.7	P = 0.001 effect of treatment
Peak rate of pressure decline, mmHg/s	−7,710 ± 424.6	−7,788 ± 606.1	−5,134 ± 544.8*	−6,661 ± 636.0	P = 0.004 effect of treatment
End-systolic volume, µl	37.79 ± 3.66	44.12 ± 2.92	60.14 ± 5.20*	44.83 ± 6.46	P = 0.024; P = 0.032 effect of treatment; interaction
Cardiac output, ml/min	11.73 ± 1.38	8.84 ± 2.58	4.03 ± 1.51	10.34 ± 2.13	P = 0.032 interaction
Ejection fraction, %	37.53 ± 4.40	39.63 ± 3.95	26.70 ± 2.67	31.67 ± 1.97	P = 0.014 effect of treatment
Heart rate, beats/min	504 ± 20	481 ± 33	536 ± 32	497 ± 33	NS

Values are means ± SE; n = 5 mice/group. Pressure-volume loop measurements were conducted on 10-mo-old mice as described in methods. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and effects are indicated at the right. NS, not significant.

^*Difference in treatment, same sex;

^†difference in sex, same treatment (n = 4–6).