Table 1.
Baseline Demographic Characteristics and Psychosocial Characteristics by Race/Ethnicity
| Maternal factors | Overall (N = 213) | NHW (N = 28, 13%) | NHB (N = 43, 20%) | Hispanic/Latina (N = 142, 67%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, SD)a | 26 (5.6) | 25 (6.2) | 23 (5.0) | 27 (5.4) |
| Income (median income range)a | 10–20K | 20–30K | 10–20K | 10–20K |
| Single/divorced, n (%) | 30 (14) | 4 (14) | 11 (26) | 15 (11) |
| Using WIC,a,bn (%) | 190 (92) | 20 (80) | 37 (88) | 133 (95) |
| Primary language: English,an (%) | 80 (38) | 27 (96) | 43 (100) | 10 (7) |
| Education, years (mean, SD)a | 11 (3.0) | 12 (1.8) | 12 (2.1) | 10 (3.1) |
| GA at first visit, weeks (mean, SD) | 14 (5) | 15 (5) | 14 (5) | 13 (5) |
| Unemployed postpartum,bn (%) | 135 (65) | 14 (56) | 24 (57) | 97 (69) |
| Attitude toward pregnancy,an (%) | ||||
| Planned and desired | 58 (27) | 4 (14) | 5 (12) | 49 (35) |
| Unplanned and desired | 76 (36) | 14 (50) | 17 (40) | 45 (32) |
| Unplanned and undesired | 79 (37) | 10 (36) | 21 (49) | 48 (34) |
| GA at delivery, weeks (mean, SD)a | 39 (1.3) | 40 (1) | 39 (1) | 39 (1) |
| Birth weight, grams (mean, SD)a | 3,372 (474) | 3,571 (492) | 3,202 (432) | 3,384 (468) |
| Cesarean section, n (%) | 36 (17) | 4 (14) | 9 (21) | 23 (16) |
| Social Support MOS baseline score (mean, SD) | 4.0 (0.7) | 4.4 (0.5) | 4.2 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.8) |
| EPDS baseline score (mean, SD)a | 7.1 (4.7) | 5.3 (3.5) | 8.2 (5.0) | 7.2 (4.7) |
| Major depression at baseline on MINI, n (%) | 16 (8) | 1 (4) | 6 (14) | 9 (6) |
| Major depression at 12 weeks on MINI,bn (%) | 12 (6) | 1 (4) | 2 (5) | 9 (6) |
| History of sexual abuse,a,bn (%) | 52 (25) | 12 (48) | 11 (26) | 29 (21) |
| History of physical abuse,bn (%) | 96 (46) | 10 (40) | 14 (33) | 72 (51) |
a
p = <0.05.
b
Six missing values.
EPDS, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale; GA, gestational age; MINI, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; MOS, Medical Outcomes Study; NHB, non-Hispanic black; NHW, non-Hispanic white; SD, standard deviation; WIC, Women, Infants, and Children.