Table 2.
Baseline Demographic Characteristics and Psychosocial Characteristics by Breastfeeding Outcome Immediately Postpartum
| Exclusive breastfeeding (N = 124, 58%) | Bottlefeeding (N = 46, 22%) | Both (N = 43, 20%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, SD) | 26 (5.6) | 25 (6.0) | 26 (5.3) |
| Income (median income range) | 10–20K | 10–20K | 10–20K |
| Single/divorced, n (%) | 16 (13) | 5 (11) | 9 (21) |
| Using WIC, n (%)a | 107 (90) | 43 (96) | 40 (93) |
| Primary language: English, n (%)b | 43 (35) | 26 (57) | 11 (26) |
| Education (mean, SD) | 11 (3.0) | 11 (3.3) | 11 (2.8) |
| GA at first visit (mean, SD) | 14 (4.9) | 14 (5.5) | 13 (5.5) |
| Unemployed postpartum, n (%)a | 76 (56) | 27 (20) | 32 (24) |
| Attitude toward pregnancy | |||
| Planned and desired, n (%) | 32 (26) | 10 (22) | 16 (37) |
| Unplanned and desired, n (%) | 42 (34) | 17 (37) | 17 (40) |
| Unplanned and undesired, n (%) | 50 (40) | 19 (41) | 10 (23) |
| GA at delivery in weeks (mean, SD) | 39 (1.2) | 39 (1.4) | 40 (1.2) |
| Birth weight, grams (mean, SD)b | 3,387 (423) | 3,231 (502) | 3,478 (547) |
| Cesarean section, n (%) | 17 (14) | 8 (17) | 11 (26) |
| Social Support MOS baseline score (mean, SD) | 4.0 (0.8) | 4.0 (0.7) | 3.9 (0.8) |
| EPDS baseline score (mean, SD) | 7.3 (4.8) | 7.3 (4.9) | 6.6 (4.0) |
| Major depression at baseline on MINI, n (%) | 7 (6) | 7 (15) | 2 (5) |
| Major depression at 12 weeks on MINI,an (%) | 10 (8) | 2 (4) | 0 |
| History of sexual abuse,a,bn (%) | 35 (29) | 5 (11) | 12 (28) |
| History of physical abuse,an (%) | 62 (52) | 14 (31) | 20 (47) |
a
Six missing values.
b
p = <0.05.