Table 1.
Factors associated with negative culture results among 256 pulmonary TB patients having positive Xpert results in this study.
| Characteristic | Number of patients with positive Xpert (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Culture positive (n = 176) |
Culture negative (n = 80) |
|||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 105 (59.66) | 49 (61.25) | 1.07 (0.62–1.83) | 0.81 |
| Female | 71 (40.34) | 31 (38.75) | Ref. | - |
| Age group (years) | ||||
| <25 | 26 (14.77) | 16 (20.00) | 1.71 (0.77–3.76) | 0.18 |
| 25–44 | 61 (34.66) | 22 (27.50) | Ref. | - |
| 45–64 | 41 (23.30) | 21 (26.25) | 1.42 (0.69–2.91) | 0.34 |
| ≥64 | 48 (27.27) | 21 (26.25) | 1.21 (0.60–2.46) | 0.60 |
| Treatment history | ||||
| New case | 169 (96.02) | 68 (85.00) | Ref. | - |
| Retreated | 7 (4.98) | 12 (15.00) | 4.26 (1.61–11.28) | 0.01 |
| Sputum appearance | ||||
| Salivary | 67 (38.07) | 59 (73.75) | 5.04 (2.74–9.28) | <0.01 |
| Mucoid | 103 (58.53) | 18 (22.50) | Ref. | - |
| Bloody | 3 (1.70) | 2 (2.50) | 3.82 (0.60–24.46) | 0.18 |
| Caseous | 3 (1.70) | 1 (1.25) | 1.91 (0.19–19.37) | 0.50 |
| AFB smear | ||||
| Negative | 68 (38.64) | 66 (82.5) | 5.34 (2.51–11.35) | <0.01 |
| 1+ | 55 (31.25) | 10 (12.5) | Ref. | - |
| 2+ | 22 (12.5) | 1 (1.25) | 0.25 (0.03–2.07) | 0.17 |
| 3+ | 18 (10.23) | 1 (1.25) | 0.31 (0.04–2.55) | 0.25 |
| 4+ | 13 (7.39) | 2 (2.50) | 0.85 (0.17–4.34) | 1.00 |
| Bacterial load | ||||
| Very low | 18 (10.23) | 27 (33.75) | 10.50 (4.57–24.15) | <0.01 |
| Low | 41 (23.30) | 39 (48.75) | 6.66 (3.22–13.79) | <0.01 |
| Medium | 91 (51.70) | 13 (16.25) | Ref. | |
| High | 26 (14.77) | 1 (1.25) | 0.27 (0.03–2.16) | 0.30 |