Table 2.
Silanes | Function Group | Application |
---|---|---|
(3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysil ane (APTMS) (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilan e (APTES) |
−NH2 | Reduced aggregation105, Fluorescent labeling144, Surface charge modification145, DNA binding and protection from enzymatic cleavage149 |
(3-mercaptopropyl)-trimethox ysilane (MPTMS) | −SH | Conjugate with maleimides106, Thiol/disulfide exchange reactions to attach oligonucleotides150, Surface charge modification32, 151 |
Polyethylene glycol-silane (PEG-silane) | −PEG | Increased circulation time152, Reduced aggregation and increase particle dispersity in aqueous solution127 |
Alkylsilane | Alkyl chain | Hydrophobic coating153, Increase ultrasound contrast154 |
Carboxyethylsilanetriol | −COOH | Functionalize silica NPs and provide reactive sites for amine155 |
3-trihydroxysilylpropyl methylphosphonate | −PO3− | Functionalize silica NPs and provide reactive sites for amine156 |
(3-isocyanatopropyl)-triethox ysilane | −NCO | Functionalize silica NPs and provide reactive sites for amine157 |