Table 1.

Experimental data on EP and structural properties of the BZ.

Study	Species	Stage	Region	EP prop.	Structural prop.
Lue and Boyden, 1992	Dog	5 d	Epi BZ	↓Ito ↑APD100	–
				↓APA
Pu and Boyden, 1997	Dog	5 d	Epi BZ	↓INa	–
Jiang et al., 2000	Dog	5 d	Epi BZ	↓IKr ↓IKs	–
Dun et al., 2004	Dog	5–14 d	Epi BZ	↓Ito ↓ICaL	–
		8 w		↓ICaL
Baba et al., 2005	Dog	5 d	Epi BZ	↓ICaL ↓INa	–
				↓APD90
Cabo et al., 2006	Dog	4–5 d	Epi BZ	–	↓GTrans
					GJ lat ↓CV
Ursell et al., 1985	Dog	5 d	Epi BZ	↓MUV ↓APD90	nCV
				↓ APA nEG
		2 w		↓APD90	Fibrosis
		8 w		nAPD nMUV	↓CV iso
				nAPA	Disarray
					Fibrosis
Gardner et al., 1985	Dog	5 d	Epi BZ	↓MUV ↓APD90	nCV
				↓APA nEG
		2 w		↓APD90 fEG	Fibrosis
		8 w		nAPD nMUV	↓CV iso
				nAPA fEG	Disarray
					Fibrosis
Spear et al., 1983	Dog	3–5 d	Epi BZ	↓MUV ↓APD30	–
				↓APA nAPD100
		8–15 d		↓APD30 nAPD100
Luke and Saffitz, 1991	Dog	3–10 w	Epi BZ	–	↓GJ density
					Fibrosis
Peters et al., 1997	Dog	4 d	Epi BZ	–	GJ lat
Yao et al., 2003	Dog	5 d	Epi BZ	–	↓GTrans
Pinto et al., 1997	Cat	2–4 m	EndoL BZ	↓ICaL	–
Kimura et al., 1986	Cat	2–6 m	EndoL BZ	↓APD90 ↓APA	–
			EndoC BZ	↑APD90	–
Wong et al., 1982	Cat	2–7 m	EndoL BZ	↓APD90	–
			EndoC BZ	↑APD90	–
Myerburg et al., 1982	Cat	2–4 m	EndoC BZ	↑APD90	Fibrosis
Kimura et al., 1988	Cat	2–4 m	EndoC BZ	nAPD50 nAPD90	–
Pop et al., 2012	Pig	4 w	Epi BZ	↓APD ↓MUV	↓CV Disarray
				↓APA
Denisko et al., 2017	Pig	5 w	BZ	nAPD	–
Mills et al., 2005	Mouse	7 d	Epi BZ	nAPD90	↓CVTrans
					Fibrosis
Rutherford, 2013	Mouse	14 d	BZ	–	↓CVTrans
					Fibrosis
					Disarray
Weigand et al., 2016	Mouse	6 w	Epi BZ	nAPD90	–
Chou et al., 2007	Rabbit	7 d	BZ	↓APD80	–
Lee et al., 2013	Rabbit	5 w	BZ	↑IKAS ↓APD80	–
Litwin and Bridge, 1971	Rabbit	8 w	BZ	↓ICaL ↑APD90	–
Walker et al., 2007	Rabbit	8 w	BZ	Abnormal AP	↓CV
Spear et al., 1979	Human	1 m+	EndoC BZ	↑APD90	Fibrosis
Dangman et al., 1982	Human	12 m+	EndoL BZ	nAPD90	–
			EndoC BZ	↑APD90	–
Smith et al., 1991	Human	–	EndoC BZ	–	GJ lat Fibrosis
					Disarray
Kostin et al., 2003	Human	–	BZ	–	GJ lat Fibrosis
					Disarray
Bakker et al., 1988	Human	16 d+	EndoC BZ	fEG	↓CVTrans
					Disarray
					Fibrosis
Pogwizd et al., 1992	Human	4 m+	BZ	fEG	↓CVTrans
					Disarray
					Fibrosis

Disease stage is presented in days (d), weeks (w), or months (m). In most studies, a distinction between epicardium (Epi) BZ, endocardial-central (EndoC) BZ, and endocardial-lateral (EndoL) BZ was made. EP properties (prop.) include action potential duration (APD), maximum upstroke velocity (MUV), action potential amplitude (APA), fast sodium current (I_Na), L-type calcium current (I_CaL), rapid and slow rectifying potassium currents (I_Kr and I_Ks, respectively), the transient potassium current (I_to), the Apamin-sensitive potassium current (I_KAS) and electrograms (EG), normal (nEG) or fractionated (fEG). Structural properties include, gap junction (GJ) transverse conductance (G_trans) and lateralization (lat), conduction velocity (CV), and the presence of fibrosis or (fiber) disarray. Arrows indicate increased (↑) or decreased (↓) quantities relative to normal myocardium, whereas “n” indicates normal or unchanged characteristics.