Figure 4.
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) activation of inflammation pathway. Mitochondrial ROS from damaged mitochondria triggers the inflammasome NLRP3, stimulating NF-κB and the IL-1β and IL-18-mediated inflammatory cascade. The adapter protein ASC mediates innate signaling by bridging the interaction between the damage recognition receptor and the NF-κB caspase-1 inflammasome complex.