Table 1.
Background characteristics at enrolment of women randomly selected for urinary iodine analysis out of women who participated in a randomized trial of micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy in a semiurban setting in Ghana, by groupa
| Characteristics | IFA (n = 94) | MMN (n = 102) | LNS (n = 101) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 26.3 ± 5.2 [92] | 26.0 ± 5.1 [102] | 26.9 ± 5.6 [101] |
| Years of formal education (years) | 7.8 ± 2.9 [92] | 7.5 ± 3.2 [102] | 8.1 ± 3.8 [101] |
| Weight (kg) | 63.0 ± 11.6 [91] | 62.8 ± 11.8 [100] | 61.9 ± 9.2 [98] |
| Height (cm) | 158 ± 5.0 [91] | 159 ± 5.7 [100] | 159 ± 5.2 [98] |
| MUAC (cm) | 28.3 ± 4.0 [91] | 27.8 ± 3.7 [100] | 27.8 ± 3.4 [98] |
| Triceps skinfold (mm) | 19.3 ± 7.1 [91] | 18.5 ± 7.2 [100] | 18.7 ± 6.3 [98] |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 4.2 [91] | 24.8 ± 4.2 [100] | 24.6 ± 3.6 [98] |
| HFIAS scoreb | 2.5 ± 3.7 [92] | 2.2 ± 3.3 [101] | 2.1 ± 3.0 [101] |
| Gestational age at enrolment (weeks) | 16.2 ± 3.0 [92] | 16.1 ± 3.1 [102] | 16.1 ± 3.2 [101] |
| Nulliparous women, n/total (%) | 37/92 (40.2) | 37/102 (36.3) | 34/101 (33.7) |
| Hb <100 g/L, n/total (%) | 9/92 (9.8) | 19/102 (18.6) | 10/101 (9.9) |
| Positive malarial RDT, n/total (%) | 4/92 (4.3) | 4/102 (3.9) | 9/101 (8.9) |
Note. HFIAS = Household Food Insecurity Access Scale; IFA = iron and folic acid; LNS = lipid‐based nutrient supplement; MMN = multiple micronutrients; RDT = rapid diagnostic test (Clearview Malarial Combo; Vision Biotech, which detected Plasmodium falciparum and non‐P. falciparum histidine‐rich protein 2); SQ‐LNS = small‐quantity lipid‐based nutrient supplements; Hb = haemoglobin.
n = 295. IFA group: Women were assigned to receive 60 mg Fe + 400 mg folic acid per day during pregnancy; MMN group: Women were assigned to receive 18 vitamins and minerals (including 20 mg Fe) per day during pregnancy; LNS group: Women were assigned to receive 20 g SQ‐LNS per day with the same micronutrients as the MMN group + calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium as well as macronutrients during pregnancy. Values are means ± SDs (n) unless otherwise indicated. n/total indicates the number of participants whose response was “yes” for the variable in question per total number of participants analysed for the variable in question.
HFIAS score is a proxy indicator for household food insecurity (Coates et al., 2007); higher values represent higher food insecurity.