Table 3.

Geometric mean UIC (μg/L) at 36 weeks of gestation of women who received IFA, MMN, and SQ‐LNS during pregnancy in the iLiNS DYAD‐Ghana trial, stratified by subgroups of gestational age at enrolment, parity, and baseline UICa

Baseline characteristics and subgroups	IFAb	MMNb	LNSb	p c	p d
Gestational age at enrolment (weeks)				.022
In first trimester (n = 44)	99 (71, 139)e	156 (109, 223)f	106 (73, 146)e		.021
In second trimester (n = 248)	122 (103, 146)e	157 (131, 187)f	171 (143, 203)f		.015
Parity				.035
Nulliparous (n = 108)	117 (88, 147)	130 (98, 173)	117 (93, 153)		.74
Parous (n = 184)	109 (97, 149)e	185 (144, 212)f	187 (149, 222)f		.001
Baseline UIC				.021
UIC ≥ 150 μg/L (n = 147)	140 (112, 175)	210 (164, 268)	161 (131, 198)		.059
UIC < 150 μg/L (n = 145)	100 (79, 126)e	132 (108, 161)f	156 (124, 198)f		.025

Note. IFA = iron and folic acid; LNS = lipid‐based nutrient supplement; MMN = multiple micronutrients; SQ‐LNS = small‐quantity lipid‐based nutrient supplements; UIC = urinary iodine concentration. Analysis at 36 weeks of gestation was based on analysis of covariance (SAS PROC GLIMMIX).

^a n = 292. IFA group: Women were assigned to receive 60 mg Fe + 400 mg folic acid per day; MMN group: Women were assigned to receive 18 vitamins and minerals including 250 μg iodine per day; LNS group: Women were assigned to receive 20 g SQ‐LNS per day with the same micronutrients as the MMN group, plus calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium as well as macronutrients.

^bValues are geometric means (95% CI), adjusted for variables significantly associated with the outcome variable at α < .1 in bivariate analysis: baseline UIC, years of formal education, parity, season of enrolment, and household assets index. Geometric mean (95% CI) values with different superscript letters are significant different.

^c p‐values are for interaction with intervention group.

^d p‐values compare all three groups in each stratum.