SMAD3 mediates the TAZ-driven epithelial fibrotic phenotype. A) Extracts from HK-2 cells stably expressing CMV-Con or CMV-TAZ treated with or without the SMAD3 inhibitor SIS3 (5 μM) were analyzed by Western blot for pSMAD3, CTGF, fibronectin, and GAPDH expression. B–D) CMV-TAZ + Con shRNA and CMV-TAZ + SMAD3 shRNA double-transductant protein extracts were similarly probed for SMAD3 (B, C), CTGF (B, D), fibronectin, vimentin, and GAPDH expression (B). E) Crystal violet staining of similarly seeded CMV-TAZ + Con shRNA and CMV-TAZ + SMAD3 shRNA stably transduced cell monolayers after 5 d of growth. Scale bars, 200 μm. F) Cell counts of parallel cultures setting the relative number of CMV-TAZ + Con shRNA–transduced cells as 1. Means ± sd. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.