Table 1.
Selected characteristics of cases with classic heterotaxy and a random sample of New York State (NYS) live births
| Characteristic | NYs births (n = 7,683) |
Heterotaxy cases (n = 77) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 1.0000a | ||
| <20 | 612 (7.97) | 6 (7.79) | |
| 20–34 | 5,637 (73.37) | 57 (74.03) | |
| ≥35 | 1,434 (18.66) | 14 (18.18) | |
|
| |||
| Maternal race/ethnicity | 0.0108a | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 4,339 (56.59) | 33 (42.86) | |
| African American | 1,369 (17.86) | 11 (14.29) | |
| Hispanic | 1,359 (17.73) | 21 (27.27) | 0.0356a,b |
| Asian | 520 (6.78) | 11 (14.29) | 0.0194a,c |
| Other | 80 (1.04) | 1 (1.30) | |
|
| |||
| Maternal education (years) | 0.0027a | ||
| <12 | 1,335 (17.56) | 23 (30.26) | |
| 12 | 2,221 (29.22) | 26 (34.21) | |
| >12 | 4,045 (53.22) | 27 (35.53) | |
|
| |||
| Parity, n (%) | 0.8163a | ||
| Nulliparous | 3,165 (41.19) | 33 (42.86) | |
| Multiparous | 4,518 (58.81) | 44 (57.14) | |
|
| |||
| Maternal smoking | 1.0000a | ||
| No | 6,911 (90.09) | 70 (90.91) | |
| Yes | 760 (9.91) | 7 (9.09) | |
|
| |||
| Prepregnancy maternal BMI (kg/m2) | (n = 4,197)d | (n = 39)d | 0.0379a |
| <18.5 | 171 (4.07) | 4 (10.26) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 2,197 (52.35) | 20 (51.28) | |
| 25–29.9 | 992 (23.64) | 4 (10.26) | |
| ≥30 | 837 (19.94) | 11 (28.21) | |
|
| |||
| Infant sex | 0.4930a | ||
| Male | 3,916 (50.97) | 36 (46.75) | |
| Female | 3,767 (49.03) | 41 (53.25) | |
|
| |||
| Infant gestational age (mean days ± SD) |
275.4 ± 16.8 | 269.8 ± 21.2 | 0.0316e |
|
| |||
| Infant birth weight (mean grams ± SD) |
3,330.2 ± 577.0 | 2,970.4 ± 742.5 | <0.0001e |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
a
P value determined using Fisher’s exact test.
b
P value assigned independently to Hispanic versus all other races.
c
P value assigned independently to Asian versus all other races.
d
Demographic variables are not available for all controls and are noted where a substantial proportion of data are missing.
e
P value determined using t-test.
BMI, body mass index.