Table 1.
Resting functional connectivity MRI studies in individuals with AVH.
| Study | Groups | Method | Connectivity in AVH participants | Symptom correlation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gavrilescu et al. (2010) | SzAVH+ SzAVH– HC |
Seed (left and right PAC) |
↓ Left PAC - right PAC | – |
| Shinn et al. (2013) | SzAVH+ SzAVH– HC |
Seed (left and right PAC) |
↑ Left PAC - left SPL, left MFG ↓ Left PAC - right PHC, right thalamus |
↑ Left PAC - left IFG, left STG, right OFC, right pre- and post-central gyrus, ACC and PCC |
| Hoffman et al. (2011) | SzAVH+ SzAVH– HC |
Seed (bilateral STG) |
↑ Bilateral STG - left IFG - putamen | – |
| Sommer et al. (2012) | Psychosis + AVH HC |
Seed (left STG and right IFG) |
↑ Right IFG - right PHC ↓ Right IFG - right DPLFC ↓ Left STG - left IFG, left hippocampus |
↓ Left STG - left hippocampus |
| Clos et al. (2014) | Psychosis + AVH HC |
Seed (left IFG, MTG, AG, thalamus) |
↑ Left IFG - left insula, SMA; Left hippocampus - left thalamus ↓ Left IFG - left IPL, left DLPFC, bilateral VLPFC ↓ Left MTG - right STG; left TPJ - left AG; Left thalamus - right cerebellum |
↑ Left IFG – left VMPFC ↓ Thalamus – right PCG, right PHC |
| Diederen et al. (2013) | NC + AVH HC |
Seed (bilateral IFG, STG, PHC) |
↑ Left STG - right STG, right IFG; left IFG - left PHC | |
| Van Lutterveld et al. (2014) | NC + AVH HC |
Network/ICA | ↑ Left STG, right MTG, PCC (strength) ↑ Left STG (centrality) ↓ Left PCL, right ITG, right amygdala (centrality) |
– |
| Wolf et al. (2011) | SzAVH+ HC |
Network/ICA | ↑ Left STG, right SFG, right MFG, bilateral MTG ↓ Left ACC, left precuneus, right PCC |
↑ Left STG, right MFG ↓ Left ACC |
| Vercammen et al. (2010) | SzAVH+ HC |
Seed (left and right TPJ) |
↓ Left TPJ - right IFG | ↓ Left TPJ - bilateral ACC, amygdala |
| Rotarska-Jagiela et al. (2010) | SZ HC |
Network/ICA | – | ↓ Left hippocampus, left STG |
| Manoliu et al. (2014) | SZ HC |
Network/ICA | – | ↓ Right AI ↑ DMN-CEN |
| Sorg et al. (2013) | SZ HC |
Network/ICA | – | ↓ Putamen |
| Jardri et al. (2013) | Brief PD HC |
Network/ICA | ↓ GoF in DMN, DMN–ASC | ↓ DMN stability |
AI = anterior insula, ACC = anterior cingulate cortex, AG = angular gyrus, ASC = association sensory cortex, AVH = auditory verbal hallucination, CEN = central executive network, DLPFC = dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, DMN = default mode network, GoF = goodness of fit, HC = healthy control, ICA = independent components analysis, IFG = inferior frontal gyrus, IPL = inferior parietal lobule, ITG = inferior temporal gyrus, MFG = middle frontal gyrus, MTG = middle temporal gyrus, NC = non-clinical, OFC = orbitofrontal cortex, PAC = primary auditory cortex, PCC = posterior cingulate cortex, PCG = precentral gyrus; PCL = paracentral lobule, PD = psychotic disorder, PHC = parahippocampal cortex, SMA = supplementary motor area, SPL = superior parietal lobule, Sz = schizophrenia, SFG = superior frontal gyrus, STG = superior temporal gyrus, TPJ = temporoparietal junction, VLPFC = ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; VMPFC = ventromedial prefrontal cortex.