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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 21.
Published in final edited form as: Phys Med Biol. 2017 Feb 24;62(8):3330–3351. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa62c5

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Phantom and clinical studies. (a) The C-arm was used to acquire radiographs of a spine phantom at varying angular views. (b) Close-up of the instrumented spine phantom. (c) AP, OBL, and LAT views of the lumbar (L1–L5) section of the instrumented spine phantom. (d) Clinical studies in which intraoperative radiographs were obtained using the same C-arm. The projections show AP, OBL, and LAT views of a patient undergoing thoracolumbar spine surgery with screws delivered at T12–L4. Additional instruments (e.g., retractors) are also visible.