Table 2.
Patient characteristics and mortality ratio stratified according to sepsis severity
| All infected patients n = 863 |
Infection n = 237 |
Infection + SIRS n = 163 |
Severe sepsis without shock n = 260 |
Septic shock (SEPSIS I) n = 203 |
Septic shocka(SEPSIS-III) n = 104 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 69 (55–79) | 70 (58–80) | 64 (52–78) | 69 (50–78) | 70 (58–79)* | 67 (57–76) |
| Female/male, n | 366/497 | 104/133 | 68/95 | 108/152 | 86/117 | 46/58 |
| APACHE II score at ICU admissionb | 21 (16–28) | 20 (15–24) | 18.0 (15–24) | 21.5 (17–28)‡ | 25(19–31)c | 25.5(19.7-31.2) |
| SOFA score b | 7 (5–11) | 6 (4–9) | 5 (3–8) | 8 (6–11)ƒ | 10 (7–13)ƒ, † | 11 (8–14) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
| Chronic respiratory disease | 192 (22.3) | 52 (21.9) | 39 (23.9) | 57 (21.9) | 44 (21.7) | 24 (23.0) |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 118 (13.6) | 34 (14.3) | 29 (17.7) | 36 (13.8) | 19 (9.4) | 12 (11.5) |
| Congestive heart failure | 98 (11.3) | 21 (8.4) | 18 (10.4) | 0 (10.0) | 29 (17.2) | 18 (17.3) |
| Chronic renal failure | 95 (11) | 23 (9.7) | 18 (11) | 28 (10.7) | 26 (12.8) | 14 (13.5) |
| Solid organ malignancy | 81 (9.3) | 17 (7.1) | 14 (8.5) | 24 (9.2) | 26 (12.8) | 15 (14.4) |
| Immunosuppression | 67 (7.7) | 9 (3.8) | 10 (6.1) | 22 (8.4)Ø | 26 (12.8)# | 21 (20.1) |
| Liver disease | 22 (2.5) | 5 (2.1) | 1 (0.6) | 7 (2.6) | 9 (4.4) | 7 (6.7) |
| Alcoholism | 17 (1.9) | 6 (2.5) | 3 (1.8) | 3 (1.2) | 5 (2.5) | 2 (1.9) |
| Number of acute organ dysfunctions (mean ± SD) | – | – | 2.0 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 1.5& | 4.4 ± 1.3 | |
| Organ dysfunction, n (%) | ||||||
| Respiratory | 271 (31.4) | – | – | 147 (56.5) | 124 (61.1) | 74 (71.2) |
| Renal | 223 (25.8) | – | – | 104 (40.0) | 119 (58.6)& | 70 (67.3) |
| Neurologic | 171 (19.8) | – | – | 70 (26.9) | 101 (49.8)& | 56 (53.8) |
| Liver | 133 (15.4) | – | – | 70 (26.9) | 63 (31.0) | 38 (36.5) |
| Hematologic | 118 (13.6) | – | – | 64 (24.6) | 54 (26.6) | 36 (34.6) |
| Lactic acidosis (> 2 mmol∙L−1), n (%) | 174 (20.2) | – | – | 83 (31.9) | 91 (44.8)€ | 104 (100) |
| Therapies, n (%) | ||||||
| RRT | 152 (17.6) | 21 (8.9) | 22 (13.5) | 53 (21.5) | 56 (26.1) | 28 (26.9) |
| MV | 715 (82.9) | 176 (74.3) | 123 (75.5) | 227 (87.3) | 189 (93.1) | 94 (90.4) |
| Length of stay, daye | 27 (13–45) | 30 (13–47) | 27 (13–48) | 30(14.2–45.7) | 22 (11.2-36.5)¢ | 17 (10–30) |
| Mortality, n (%) | 401 (46.1) | 61 (24.8) | 52 (31.2) | 145 (55.7)ƒ | 143 (70.4)ƒ, † | 79 (75.9) |
Data are presented as median (25th–75th percentiles), if not otherwise specified
SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome, APACHE II acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, ICU intensive care unit, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, SD standard deviation, RRT renal replacement therapy, MV mechanical ventilation
aPatients with septic shock based on SEPSIS-III definitions are covered in the septic shock group based on the SEPSIS-1 definition; data presented in this column were not included in any statistically analysis
b8 and e56 missing values
*p = 0.046, compared with infection + SIRS group
cp ≤ 0.05, compared with infection, infection + SIRS, and severe sepsis groups
‡p = 0.042, compared with infection + SIRS groups
ƒp ≤ 0.001, compared with infection and infection + SIRS groups
†p = 0.001, compared with severe sepsis groups
Øp = 0.031, compared with infection group
¢p = 0.027, compared with infection group
#p ≤ 0.05, compared with infection and infection + SIRS groups
&p ≤ 0.001, compared with severe sepsis groups
€p = 0.005, compared with severe sepsis groups