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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Sci. 2017 Mar 3;21(2):10.1111/desc.12545. doi: 10.1111/desc.12545

Table 1.

Studies of Neuroanatomical Differences Underlying Math Competence

Study Age (sd) Study Design Anatomical Metric Index of Math Competency Type of Math Math Measure Main Findings
Isaacs et al. 2001 15.83 (1.1) LMA vs. HMA GMV WOND Norm-based LMA show lower GMV in left IPS.
Han et al. 2013 10.8 (0.4) LMA vs. HMA morphometric differences WRAT (arithmetic) Norm-base Anatomical differences in the L occipital- temporal cortex, L orbital-frontal cortex, and R insular cortex relates to LMA vs. HMA.
Rotzer et al. 2008 9.3 (0.2) LMA vs. HMA GMV ZAREKI-R (Num. Proc. & Calculation) Norm-based LMA showed reduced GMV in R IPS, anterior cingulum, L IFG, and bilateral middle frontal gyri.
Rykhlevskaia et al. 2009 8.8 (0.7) LMA vs. HMA GMV WIAT (Num. Ops. & Math Reasoning) Norm-based LMA show reduced GMV in bilateral superior parietal lobe, IPS, fusiform gyrus, para-hippocampal gyrus, and R anterior temporal cortex.
Ranpura et al. 2013 8-14 LMA vs. HMA CSA, CT , and GMV WOND Norm-based LMA show reduced CSA in subcentral gyri, reduced CT in L temporal and R IFG, and less GMV in R parrahippocampal gyrus and R parietal lobe.
Cappelletti & Price 2014 22-74 LMA vs. HMA GMV

  1. Dyscalculia Screener

  2. Graded Difficulty Arithmetic

  1. Norm-based

  2. Norm-based

 LMA show reduced GMV in R IPS.
Lubin et al. 2013 10 (0.6) High vs. Low Number Skills GMV

  1. Number Line Estimation

  2. Visual Numeracy Estimation

  1. Experimental

  2. Experimental

 LMA show reduced GMV in L IPS, bilateral Angular Gyrus. And occipito-temporal areas.
Starke et al. 2013 6.3-7.9 TA GMV

  1. TEDI-MATH

  2. Number Comparison Task

  1. Norm-based

  2. Experimental

 Positive relationship between GMV and numerical distance effect in multiple parietal regions and superior temporal gyrus.
Li et al. 2013 10.48 (0.4) TA GMV & FA WISC (arithmetic) Norm-based Arithmetic scores positively correlated with GMV in R IPS.
Price et al. 2016 7.44 (0.3) TA GMV WCJ-III (App. Problems & Calculation) Norm-based Composite math scores positively correlated with GMV in L IPS.
Supekar et al. 2013 8.7 (0.1) TA GMV

  1. Arithmetic Verification

  2. Arithmetic Production

 Linked to instruction outcomes GMV in R hippocampus predicted math performance gains.

LMA = Low Math Ability; HMA = High Math Ability; TA = Typically Achieving, individual differences; GMV = Grey Matter Volume; CSA = Cortical Surface Area; CT = Cortical Thickness; WOND = Wechsler Objective Numeric Dimensions Test; WRAT = Wide Range Achievement Test; ZAREKI-R = Neuropsychological Test Battery for Number Processing and Calculation in Children, Revised; WIAT = Wechsler Individual Achievement Test; WCJ-III = Woodcock Johnson III