Table 1.

Descriptive statistics for model variables

	8th grade Mean (SD)	10th grade Mean (SD)	12th grade Mean (SD)
Parental involvement	2.80 (.52)	2.58 (.51)	2.36 (.41)
Self-esteem	3.99 (1.05)	4.04 (.91)	4.00 (.81)
Self-derogation	2.16 (1.31)	2.13 (1.21)	2.07 (.99)
Peer alcohol norms	1.75 (.81)	2.58 (1.21)	1.73 (.50)
Perceived alcohol risk	2.88 (1.27)	2.83 (1.10)	3.25 (.63)
Alcohol disapproval	2.32 (1.08)	2.11 (.91)	2.16 (.44)
Alcohol use	1.33 (.58)	1.86 (1.51)	2.52 (.94)
Heavy episodic drinking	1.10 (.21)	1.27 (.60)	1.50 (1.05)