Table 1.
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (amoA-AOB) gene copy numbers (g–1 dry soil) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes (n = 3) for different treatments including Control; N, inorganic N fertilizer; CV+N, concentrated vinasse plus inorganic N fertilizer; V+N, non-concentrated vinasse plus inorganic N fertilizer.
| Day 11 |
Day 19 |
Day 45 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatmenta | amoAb | N2O-Nc | amoA | N2O-N | amoA | N2O-N |
| Control | 7.1 ± 2.8a | -0.07 ± 0.12a | 2.8 ± 1.1a | 0.11 ± 0.03a | 2.4 ± 0.5a | 0.24 ± 0.10a |
| N | 12.8 ± 6.5c | 0.11 ± 0.03a | 738.6 ± 12.4d | 0.35 ± 0.09a | 41.4 ± 22.1b | 8.34 ± 2.60b |
| CV+N | 15.0 ± 6.6d | 0.33 ± 0.05a | 15.4 ± 8.6c | 40.22 ± 7.04b | 247.4 ± 146.9d | 27.54 ± 14.65b |
| V+N | 12.3 ± 5.1b | 0.70 ± 0.09b | 11.6 ± 3.5b | 23.71 ± 7.95b | 71.5 ± 14.0c | 8.93 ± 1.09b |
a Means followed by the same letter in the column at each treatment do not differ significantly by the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05); b ×106 gene copies g–1 dry soil; c mg N m–2 d–1; Values followed by different letters are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 using the Tukey test.