Table.
Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics, by Period of Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis
| Patient characteristics | Multiple myeloma diagnosis, 2006–2010 (N = 2597) | Multiple myeloma diagnosis, 2011–2014 (N = 2602) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 65.9a (12.2) | 65.2 (12.3) |
| Age cohort, N (%) | ||
| <65 yrs | 1273b (49.0) | 1376 (52.9) |
| ≥65 yrs | 1324 (51.0) | 1226 (47.1) |
| Sex, N (%) | ||
| Male | 1514c (58.3) | 1440 (55.3) |
| Female | 1083 (41.7) | 1162 (44.7) |
| Payer, N (%) | ||
| Commercial | 1241c (47.8) | 1327 (51.0) |
| Medicare | 1356 (52.2) | 1275 (49.0) |
| Geographic region, N (%) | ||
| Northeast | 324b (12.5) | 547 (21.0) |
| North Central | 903 (34.8) | 693 (26.6) |
| South | 884 (34.0) | 972 (37.4) |
| West | 480 (18.5) | 385 (14.8) |
| Unknown | 6 (0.2) | 5 (0.2) |
| Total healthcare costs,d $, mean (SD) | 20,271a (39,697) | 23,572 (54,030) |
| Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index,d mean (SD) | 1.1b (1.5) | 1.2 (1.6) |
| Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index,d N (%) | ||
| 0 | 1288a (49.6) | 1240 (47.7) |
| 1 | 606 (23.3) | 572 (22.0) |
| 2 | 310 (11.9) | 315 (12.1) |
| 3+ | 393 (15.1) | 475 (18.3) |
| Number of ICD-9 diagnoses,d mean (SD) | 11.7b (7.8) | 15.0 (10.0) |
| Comorbidities,d N (%) | ||
| Cardiac conditions | 759 (29.2) | 724 (27.8) |
| Congestive heart failure | 223 (8.6) | 233 (9.0) |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 360 (13.9) | 408 (15.7) |
| Myocardial infarction | 61 (2.3) | 70 (2.7) |
| Other ischemic heart disease | 463a (17.8) | 408 (15.7) |
| Liver disease | 62a (2.4) | 91 (3.5) |
| Renal disease | 422b (16.2) | 535 (20.6) |
| Treatments during follow-up,e N (%) | ||
| Bone marrow/stem-cell transplant | 537b (20.7) | 648 (24.9) |
| Chemotherapy | 657b (25.3) | 507 (19.5) |
| Bendamustine | 22 (0.8) | 19 (0.7) |
| Cisplatin | 30 (1.2) | 18 (0.7) |
| Cyclophosphamide | 275b (10.6) | 418 (16.1) |
| Doxorubicin/liposomal doxorubicin | 195b (7.5) | 50 (1.9) |
| Etoposide | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) |
| Melphalan | 306b (11.8) | 65 (2.5) |
| Vincristine | 69b (2.7) | 15 (0.6) |
| Hydroxamic acid | ||
| Panobinostat | 6 (0.2) | 4 (0.2) |
| Immunomodulatory drugs | 1220a (47.0) | 1137 (43.7) |
| Lenalidomide | 943b (36.3) | 1081 (41.5) |
| Thalidomide | 566b (21.8) | 127 (4.9) |
| Pomalidomide | 86 (3.3) | 102 (3.9) |
| Proteasome inhibitors | 858b (33.0) | 1123 (43.2) |
| Bortezomib | 851b (32.8) | 1116 (42.9) |
| Carfilzomib | 69b (2.7) | 110 (4.2) |
| Steroids | 1904 (73.3) | 1854 (71.3) |
| Dexamethasone | 1619 (62.3) | 1647 (63.3) |
| Prednisone | 947b (36.5) | 634 (24.4) |
a
P <.05,
b
P <.001,
c
P <.01 for the difference between 2006–2010 and 2011–2014 from t-tests or chi-square tests.
d
Measured during baseline period (12 months before multiple myeloma diagnosis).
e
Follow-up is ≥30 days after diagnosis, ending with the earliest of death, end of health plan enrollment, or end of the study period (September 30, 2015).
ICD-9 indicates International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision; SD, standard deviation.