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. 2017 Dec 15;70(1):137–145. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2017.12.004

Table 3.

Steps in pre-participation screening for older athletes.

Step 1: History
  • Exertional chest pain, Syncope, Palpitations

  • Family history of MI, SCD and Coronary Risk Factors

  • Coronary Risk factors − HT, DM, dyslipidemia, smoking, family history of premature CAD

Examination Murmur, abnormal heart sound/s, evidence of cardiomegaly
ECG Ischemia, infarction, chamber enlargement or channelopathy
If Step 1 negative → Fit for exercise training
If Step 1 positive → Evaluate Step 2
Step 2: Assessment by cardiologist for necessity of further tests
  • Stress test

  • Echocardiography

  • Cardiac MRI

  • Cardiac Catheterization

Abbreviations: CAD, Coronary Artery Disease; DM, Diabetes Mellitus; HT, Hypertension; MI, Myocardial Infarction; MRI, Magnetic Resonance Imaging; SCD, Sudden Cardiac Death.

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