Table 3. Risk of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Maternal Vitamin Supplementation Any Time Preconception or During Pregnancy, by Study.
| No. Exposed | OR (95% CI)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| Studies | Total No. | Controls | ALL | AML | ALL | AML |
| Canada | 1580 | 622 | 608 | — | 0.89 (0.70–1.13) | — |
| US CCG | 3828 | 1827 | 1622 | — | 0.73 (0.59–0.91) | — |
| New Zealand | 422 | 29 | 8 | 0 | 0.97 (0.42–2.23) | — |
| Germany | 3339 | 1046 | 290 | 53 | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) | 1.00 (0.69–1.47) |
| Costa Rica | 863 | 508 | 203 | 23 | 0.44 (0.26–0.77) | 0.26 (0.09–0.79) |
| US NCCLS (1995–2002) | 972 | 155 | 127 | 22 | 1.08 (0.80–1.47) | 1.10 (0.61–1.97) |
| Brazil | 601 | 46 | 21 | 5 | 1.18 (0.65–2.14) | 1.11 (0.39–3.11) |
| Greece | 2054 | 586 | 494 | 65 | 0.87 (0.72–1.04) | 1.13 (0.75–1.70) |
| France | 2428 | 331 | 89 | 14 | 0.65 (0.50–0.84) | 0.72 (0.40–1.29) |
| Australia | 1207 | 612 | 279 | — | 1.03 (0.77–1.37) | — |
| US NCCLS (2003–2008) | 1239 | 689 | 409 | 63 | 1.02 (0.58–1.79) | 0.73 (0.27–1.99) |
| Egypt | 650 | 228 | 198 | — | 0.87 (0.61–1.24) | — |
a
Study-specific results adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and parental education