Table 3.

Univariate and Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards Analysis of Cancer-specific Survival (CSS) of MACs.

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95% CI)	P-value	HR (95% CI)	P-Value
Year of diagnosis
1988–1999	Reference		Reference
2000–2014	0.89(0.83–0.96)	0.003	0.93(0.86–1.00)	0.050
Age
<31	Reference		Reference
31–60	0.94(0.78–1.13)	0.510	1.08(0.90–1.30)	0.418
>61	1.21(1.00–1.45)	0.046	1.65(1.37–1.98)	<0.001
Sex
Female	Reference		Reference
Male	2.01(1.93–2.09)	<0.001	1.07(1.03–1.12)	0.001
Race
White	Reference		Reference
Black	1.18(1.11–1.26)	<0.001	1.14(1.07–1.22)	<0.001
Others	0.81(0.75–0.87)	<0.001	0.86(0.79–0.93)	<0.001
Primary site
Stomach	Reference		Reference
Appendix	0.40(0.34–0.47)	<0.001	0.51(0.43–0.60)	<0.001
Cecum	0.47(0.41–0.53)	<0.001	0.59(0.53–0.67)	<0.001
Colona	0.45(0.40–0.50)	<0.001	0.62(0.55–0.70)	<0.001
Rectum	0.52(0.46–0.58)	<0.001	0.70(0.61–0.79)	<0.001
Breast	0.03(0.03–0.04)	<0.001	0.13(0.11–0.15)	<0.001
Ovary	0.24(0.20–0.28)	<0.001	0.56(0.47–0.68)	<0.001
Uterus	0.15(0.12–0.19)	<0.001	0.37(0.30–0.46)	<0.001
Lung and Bronchus	0.52(0.45–0.60)	<0.001	1.22(1.05–1.41)	0.011
Pancreas	1.21(1.04–1.42)	0.016	1.53(1.30–1.79)	<0.001
Other sites	0.80(0.69–0.93)	0.003	1.00(0.86–1.16)	0.965
Grade
I	Reference		Reference
II	2.77(2.6–2.95)	<0.001	1.23(1.15–1.32)	<0.001
III and IV	5.03(4.7–5.39)	<0.001	1.57(1.46–1.69)	<0.001
Stage
Localized	Reference		Reference
Regional	5.47(5.13–5.82)	<0.001	1.83(1.69–1.98)	<0.001
Distant	19.81(18.55–21.15)	<0.001	6.87(6.33–7.45)	<0.001
Tumor size
≤2.0 cm	Reference		Reference
2.1–5.0 cm	1.04(0.98–1.09)	0.188	1.03(0.97–1.08)	0.352
>5.0 cm	1.00(0.94–1.06)	0.965	0.98(0.92–1.04)	0.475
Regional nodes positive
None	Reference		Reference
Yes	5.24(5.02–5.48)	<0.001	2.16(2.04–2.28)	<0.001
Surgery
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.23(0.20–0.26)	<0.001	0.63(0.54–0.73)	<0.001

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval. ^aColon excluding appendix and cecum.