Figure 3.

Two examples of forward engineering approaches to biomolecular pattern formation. (a) In vitro: Padirac et al. engineered a DNA-based biochemical reaction network of the ‘predator–prey’ type [50]. Reproduced with permission from Padirac et al. [50]. Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. (b) In vivo: Chau et al. designed regulatory circuits for self-organized polarization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [51]. Reproduced with permission from Chau et al. [51]. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier.